Both the Smiths died in 1823 and Hoe inherited the business, which he carried on in the name of Robert Hoe & Company. Hoe was always enterprising and his attention was quickly drawn to the Napier press, which had been set up in Washington in 1825. As usual, this machine was not patented in this country and Hoe proceeded to imitate it, with such changes as occurred to him, and put on the market, in 1827 and 1828, the first flat bed and cylinder press made in the United States. Robert Hoe retired on account of failing health in 1832, but he left the business in the capable hands of Richard M. Hoe and Matthew Smith, the son of Matthew, Jr., Robert Hoe’s original partner. The concern went on building and improving presses and in 1842 they patented a new bed-driving motion of which the well-known Meihle press of today is a development. In 1845 Hoe & Company brought out the Hoe type-revolving machine. This was the first press distinctively for large newspaper circulations, which they afterward developed to so wonderful a degree, and which henceforth was their leading line of production. In this machine the type forms were imposed on turtles and fastened on a central cylinder, against which revolved as many impression cylinders, from two to ten, as were required. This machine put American printing machinery in the first rank. In 1858 the Hoe firm bought out the Isaac Adams patents and business. About this time two other important inventions were made, both of which were later utilized by the Hoes. In 1853 Pratt built for the Brooklyn _Daily Advertiser_ the first perfecting press, or press printing both sides of the paper without removing the sheet. In 1860 William Bullock began to experiment on a rotary self-feeding or web printing press, and finally succeeded in achieving success in 1865. The Bullock machine was self-feeding, but cut the sheets from a web before printing. In 1847 Hoe & Company began work on a rotary printing press to print from the web without first cutting it into sheets. This involved all the essential parts which had been discovered and gathered them into one machine. The experiment was successful, resulting in the production of the wonderful multiple press, which may be seen today in the press room of any great newspaper. The invention of the Hoe press, the development of the autoplate, a machine invented in 1900 by Henry A. Wise Wood, of New York, whereby the process of stereotyping is made in a practical way subsidiary to newspaper printing, and the invention of wood pulp paper have made possible the modern newspaper.