U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Misunderstandings in regard to routes and unit boundaries were made
inevitable by maps disagreeing as to place names and heights of ridges.
Added to the confusion was the fact that each battalion zone had a Hill
105 as one of its final objectives. (Staff officers played safe by
designating them 105-N, 105-C, and 105-S to indicate north, central and
south.)
Ahead of the Marines lay a hill complex which constituted a great
natural bastion of interlocking heights and fields of fire. Spurs and
defiles leading from one ridge to another enabled NKPA troops to move
up in concealment and launch counterattacks in the most unexpected
quarters.
Casualties of the next three days were the heaviest for a comparable
period that RCT-5 had suffered in Korea. Added to previous totals, it
meant that 17 of the original 18 platoon leaders were killed or wounded
in a 50-day period, and five of the six company commanders who landed
with the Brigade.[361]
[361] Geer, _The New Breed_, 163.
Grim as the outlook was, the Marines of the 2d Battalion enjoyed a
sideshow on the eve of battle when Sergeant James I. Higgins and a
companion made a prize of an enemy locomotive. Knowing nothing about
operating it, they found a simple but effective solution by firing up
and opening throttles or depressing levers until the gauges were at the
halfway mark. This policy of moderation led to success. The locomotive
took off with ponderous docility, and Higgins managed to bring it to
a safe stop near the regimental CP. His exploit was not applauded,
however, by supply officers taking alarm from the dense clouds pouring
out of the smokestack. They did not relish the idea of providing enemy
artillery with a target marker, visible for miles, in an area full of
exposed Marine ammunition. As a result of their anxiety, Higgins was
promptly invited to keep rolling until he reached the rear.[362]
[362] Capt G. H. Stewart interv, 17 Nov 54.
The 2d Battalion remained in reserve while the 1st KMC Battalion jumped
off in the center from Hill 104. Heavy resistance was met immediately.
In fact, NKPA detachments infiltrated all the way to Hill 104 itself,
though it had been secured by 3/5 the previous afternoon. They poured
small-arms fire into KMCs already taking a pounding from mortar and
artillery fire, and the battalion was held up until the high ground to
the front could be cleared by artillery and air strikes.[363]
[363] 1st MarDiv _SAR_, Annex Queen Queen.
On the left, 3/5 also ran into trouble after deceptively easy progress
at first. At 0700 all three companies jumped off from Hill 216, secured
by Item Company the day before. The new objective, as directed by 5th
Marines’ Operations Order 24–50, was Hill 296.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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