U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
The first step had been taken on 28 June. General Clifton B. Cates,
Commandant of the Marine Corps, conferred at the Pentagon with Admiral
Forrest P. Sherman, Chief of Naval Operations. He urged that troops
of the Fleet Marine Force be employed, and CNO promptly informed Vice
Admiral C. Turner Joy, Commander of Naval Forces, Far East (ComNavFE),
that a Marine RCT could be made available if General MacArthur desired
it.[5]
[5] Gen C. B. Cates ltr to authors, 7 Apr 54.
CinCFE had hoped that an entire Marine division could be sent to the
Far East. But after being briefed by Admiral Joy as to the limitations
of Marine Corps numbers, he had to content himself with the request for
an RCT.
Admiral Sherman acted at once. With the approval of JCS and the
President, he ordered Admiral Radford to transport the Marine units
across the Pacific. This was the inception of the 1st Provisional
Marine Brigade (Reinf.), which was activated on 7 July with three
squadrons of Marine Aircraft Group 33 as its air component.[6]
[6] For the full story of the 1st ProvMarBrig, see _The Pusan
Perimeter_, _op. cit._
_First Conference on Inchon Landing_
While General Shepherd stopped for a few days at Pearl Harbor, the
possibility of an Inchon amphibious operation was mentioned officially
for the first time at a conference in Tokyo attended by two Marine
officers.
On 4 July a party given by the American colony was interrupted by a
message for Brigadier General William S. Fellers, commanding general
of Troop Training Unit, Amphibious Training Command, Pacific Fleet,
and Colonel Edward S. Forney, commanding Mobile Training Team Able
of that organization. As specialists in amphibious techniques, they
were summoned along with Army and Air Force officers to a meeting at
Headquarters, FECOM, presided over by General MacArthur’s chief of
staff, Major General Edward M. Almond, USA.[7]
[7] Col Edward S. Forney _Transcript of Special Report_, n.
d., Part II.
The Marine officers were in Japan as a result of General MacArthur’s
belief in the efficacy of amphibious tactics. Early in 1950, several
months before the outbreak of the Korean conflict, he had foreseen the
necessity of recovering lost ground by means of a ship-to-shore assault
if an enemy ever won a foothold in the Japanese Islands. His request
for amphibious instructors to train U. S. Army troops in Japan had
found the Navy and Marine Corps ready with units set up for just such a
purpose.[8]
[8] In the autumn of 1946 a TTU team of 35 Marine officers
and 40 enlisted men had been sent to Yokosuka, Japan, at
MacArthur’s request, to train Army troops in amphibious
techniques.
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