U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul OperationMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 2 (of 5): The Inchon-Seoul Operation
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Since current and smoke fought relentlessly against tractors seaward of
the line of departure, not all of the vehicles could find the control
ship. If they did, it was next to impossible to come in close enough to
get instructions shouted from the bridge. Thus many wave commanders,
amtrac officers, and infantry leaders gave orders to head shoreward
on their own initiative. They went in with waves and fragments of
waves, displaying the kind of leadership that made the operation an
overwhelming success in spite of the obstacles. This was the case with
the three waves of 2/1 that failed to arrive at BLUE One. They found
their way ashore, some of the LVTs landing on BLUE Two, others diverted
to BLUE Three; but the important thing was that they got there.[167]
[167] Capt J. L. Carter ltr to CMC, 12 Apr 55.
The most serious error of the day, again offset by initiative and
decision, involved Lieutenant Colonel Jack Hawkins’ 1st Battalion,
landing in regimental reserve.[168] About H-hour, Puller radioed
Hawkins and ordered him to cross the line of departure with LCVP waves
21 through 25, carrying the whole of 1/1. Had the approach to the beach
gone smoothly, the battalion would have begun landing at approximately
H-plus 45 (1815).
[168] The following account of 1/1 is derived from: Rickert
memo, 15 Apr 55; LtCol J. Hawkins ltr, 8 Mar 55; Bates
interv, 27 Aug. 51; Bridges interv, 18 Oct. 54, and
memo to CMC, 31 Mar 55; Maj R. H. Barrow memo to CMC,
25 Apr 55; and Maj R. P. Wray ltr to CMC, 23 Apr 55.
Because of conditions in the channel and boat lanes, as already
described, a searchlight on the control ship now beamed the supposed
course to the beach. Actually, the whole area had become so clouded
that the light was mistakenly pointed toward the outer tidal basin,
some 45 degrees off course to the northeast.
Moving in the designated direction, the first two of the reserve waves
reached the sea wall of the basin; and the Marines, believing they were
at the revetment of BLUE Two, began debarking. Hawkins, following in
the third wave (wave number 23), caught the error as his boat passed
within sight of two outlying islands between the basin and the salt
evaporator jutting out from the left of BLUE One. About the same time,
Lieutenant Colonel Robert W. Rickert, executive officer of the 1st
Marines, noticed some of the errant landing craft from his free boat
between the line of departure and BLUE One. He intercepted a group of
the LCVPs and reoriented them.
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