U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir CampaignMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir Campaign
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
The Corps commander considered that Changjin and Mupyong-ni were too
widely separated as objectives to be assigned to a single division,
not to mention the difficult terrain. His staff worked for four days
on Draft No. 2 of OpnO Plan 8 before submitting it to him. He accepted
it with several modifications and directed that the third draft be
taken to Tokyo by Lieutenant Colonel John H. Chiles, the Corps G-3, for
presentation to GHQ.
_Marine Preparations for Trouble_
General Smith, for his part, lost no time in putting into effect his
preparations for trouble in the shape of a formidable CCF attack. The
completion of mine clearance at Hungnam had opened that port on 15
November, thus easing the transportation situation. That same day the
7th Marines occupied Hagaru, being greeted by a temperature of four
degrees below zero which threatened an early and bleak winter.
Only four days previously, X Corps OpnO No. 6 had directed the 1st
Marine Division to take up blocking positions to the west, at Huksu-ri
and Yudam-ni, while continuing the northward advance to the Yalu. This
meant a further dispersion at a time when Smith hoped to reduce the 163
road miles separating his infantry battalions.
In order to carry out the Corps directives, Division OpnO 21-50 of 13
November assigned the following tasks:
RCT-1--to seize Huksu-ri;
RCT-7--to seize Hagaru, and, on order, to seize Yudam-ni;
RCT-5--to protect the MSR from positions at Majon-dong,
Chinhung-ni and Koto-ri, while preparing to pass through
RCT-7 in the Hagaru area and advance to Changjin
(approximately 40 miles northward);
Division Reconnaissance Company--to screen the Division right
flank by operating in the Soyang-ni-Sinhung valley to the
east Division boundary.[330]
[330] 1stMarDiv _OpnO 21-50_, 13 Nov 50. The orders for the
seizure of Hagaru and the 5th Mar’s movement of a
battalion to Koto-ri had been issued in CG 1stMarDiv
FragO, 2130 12 Nov 50. Hagaru was occupied without a
fight at 1300 on the 14th. CO 7thMar msg to CG 1stMarDiv,
1437 14 Nov 50.
In connection with the mission of RCT-7, the words “on order” deserve
special notice. For the commanding officer was directed by Smith’s
oral instructions to take up blocking positions at Toktong Pass, about
halfway between Hagaru and Yudam-ni, until additional units of the
Division could be moved up to the Hagaru area. In other words, the
Division commander believed that the possibilities of large-scale
CCF intervention were such as to justify caution in the drive to
Yudam-ni.[331]
[331] Smith, _Notes_, 592–594.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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