U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir CampaignMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir Campaign
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
“The Army offensive began, as scheduled, at 1000 hours on 24 November,”
said the EUSAK report. “Since for some time there had been little
contact with enemy forces the advance of EUSAK elements was in the
nature of a meeting engagement, with little or no resistance in the
initial stage. Across the Eighth Army front as a whole, advances were
made from 4000 to 16,000 yards.”[354]
[354] EUSAK _WD_, 24 Nov 50.
_Marine Concentration on MSR_
On this same day Lieutenant Colonel Chiles presented X Corps OpnPlan 8,
Draft 3, at Tokyo. It was approved at UNC Headquarters with only one
modification--the shifting of the proposed boundary between X Corps and
Eighth Army farther to the south in the zone of the 1st Marine Division.
This plan was the basis of X Corps OpnO 7. Issued on the 25th, it
provided for a reorientation of the X Corps attack to provide more
assistance for Eighth Army. H-hour was to be 0800 on the 27th, and the
principal units of X Corps were assigned these tasks:
1st Marine Division--to seize Mupyong-ni and advance to the Yalu;
7th Infantry Division--(1) to attack from east side of Chosin
Reservoir and advance to Yalu in zone; (2) to secure Pungsan area,
coordinating with 1 ROK Corps;
1 ROK Corps--to advance from Hapsu and Chongjin areas, destroying
enemy in zone to north boundary of Korea;
3rd Infantry Division--(1) to gain and maintain contact with the
right flank of Eighth Army in zone; (2) to protect the left flank
of X Corps; (3) to support the 1st Marine Division on X Corps
order; (4) to protect harbor and airfield at Wonsan; (5) to destroy
enemy guerrillas in zone.[355]
[355] X Corps _OpnO 7_, 25 Nov. 50.
A Corps warning order, issued on the evening of the 24th, was
supplemented by a briefing session at Corps Headquarters at 1000 the
next morning. General Smith learned that his division was to be the
northern arm of the pincers in the “massive compression envelopment”
while the 7th Infantry Division took over the previous Marine mission
of advancing east of the Chosin Reservoir to the Yalu.[356]
[356] CG X Corps msg X 13069, 24 Nov 50; CG’s Diary in X Corps
_WD_, 25 Nov 50; Smith, _Notes_, 727.
The new Marine boundary cut across Korea to the north of Eighth Army.
From Yudam-ni the Marine route of advance led to Mupyong-ni 55 miles to
the west. This objective was about halfway between Huichon in the south
and Kanggye in the north (see map, Page 130). From the latter, which
was believed to be the assembly area of the NKPA remnants, a good road
led about 40 miles north to Manpojin on the Yalu.
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