U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir Campaign — John Shaqi
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir CampaignMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 3 (of 5): The Chosin Reservoir Campaign
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
A vertical envelopment on 20 October had come as a dramatic supplement
to the attack on Pyongyang. The 187th Airborne RCT parachuted
successfully into the Sukchon-Sunchon area, about 30 miles north of
the city, thereby cutting the two principal NKPA escape routes to
Manchuria. After watching the drop from his plane, General MacArthur
stopped off at Pyongyang and declared that the surprise stroke had
closed the trap on the enemy. At his Tokyo headquarters the next day,
he predicted that the war would end shortly.[92]
[92] Schnabel, _The Korean Conflict_.
In mountainous central Korea on the right flank of I US Corps, the 6th
ROK Division had been leading the rapid advance of South Korean forces
under EUSAK. With Hwachon captured on 8 October, the division went on
to take the vital hubs of Chorwon on the 10th and Kumwha on the 11th.
It made contact with ROK Capitol Division elements from Wonsan the
following day. During the next 24 hours, the 6th Division advanced 20
miles, and the 7th and 8th ROK Divisions fanned out to exploit the
deepening penetration. On 14 October the 6th closed on Yangdok, about
midway between Wonsan and Pyongyang.[93]
[93] EUSAK _WD Sum, Oct 50_, 11–20.
Thereafter the ROK forces in the center of the peninsula began veering
northwest, so that by 22 October, the day after Pyongyang fell to I
Corps, the vanguard 6th Division was bearing down on Kunu-ri,[94] about
45 air miles to the north of the capital.
[94] _Ibid._, 20–32.
From the foregoing, it is obvious that a trans-peninsular drive by
X Corps was no longer necessary after mid-October. In fact, both in
Washington and in Tokyo the attitude prevailed that the Korean war
was nearing an end. President Truman had deemed a meeting of minds
appropriate at this time, and he flew to Wake Island for a conference
with General MacArthur on 15 October.[95]
[95] The following summary of the Wake Island meeting is
primarily based on: Gen O. N. Bradley, Comp., _Substance
of Statements Made at Wake Island Conference on October
15, 1950_ (Washington, 1951); and Truman, _Memoirs_,
II, 364–367. These accounts are strongly objected to in
MacArthur ltr, 24 Feb 36. For a differing account of
the meeting see: C. A. Willoughby and J. Chamberlain,
_MacArthur 1941–1951_ (New York, 1954), 382–383; Whitney,
_MacArthur_, 384–395, 416; and Gen D. MacArthur, “Gen.
MacArthur Makes His Reply,” _Life_, xl, no. 7 (13 Feb
56), 107–108. Participants in the conference besides
Truman and MacArthur were: Secretary of the Army Frank
Pace; Ambassador Philip Jessup; Ambassador to Korea
John Muccio; General Bradley; Assistant Secretary of
State Dean Rusk; Admiral Arthur W. Radford, CinCPacFlt;
Averell Harriman; and BrigGen Courtney Whitney of FECOM
Headquarters.
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