U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central FrontMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central Front
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
It was the misfortune of the 1st Marine Division to have perhaps the
least lucrative zone of action in all Korea for the peninsula-wide
turkey shoot. A chaos of jagged peaks and dark, narrow valleys, the
terrain alone was enough to limit an advance. Even so, the Marines
inflicted 1,870 counted KIA casualties on the Communists in May and
captured 593, most of them during the last eight days of the month.
General Almond congratulated the Division for its accomplishment of “a
most arduous battle task. You have denied [the enemy] the opportunity
of regrouping his forces and forced him into a hasty retreat; the
destruction of enemy forces and materiel has been tremendous and many
times greater than our own losses.”[203]
[203] CG X Corps msg of 1500, 3 Jun 51; 1stMarDiv _HD_, May 51.
_Plan to Cut Off Communists_
The 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team, released from IX Corps
reserve, arrived in the Hongchon area on 21 May and took a position
between the 1st Marine Division on the left and the 2d Infantry
Division on the right. Two days later X Corps gave the Marines the
mission of securing the important road center of Yanggu at the eastern
end of the Hwachon Reservoir (Map 13). Elements of the 2d Infantry
Division, with the 187th Airborne RCT attached, were meanwhile to drive
northeast to Inje after establishing a bridgehead across the river
Soyang. From Inje the 187th (reinforced) would continue to advance
northeast toward its final objective, Kansong on the coast. After
linking up with I ROK Corps, the Army regiment might be able to pull
the drawstring on a tremendous bag of prisoners--all the CCF forces
south of the Inje-Kansong road. There was, however, a big “if” in the
equation. The Communists were falling back with all haste, and it was
a question whether the bag could be closed in time.
[Illustration: 1st Marine Division Drive To Yanggu
23–31 May
Showing Regimental Routes
MAP 13]
The 1st Marine Division jumped off at 0800 on 23 May with the 1st and
5th Marines abreast, the 1st on the left. Both regiments advanced more
than 5,000 yards against negligible opposition. During the course of
this attack the 1st Marines experimented by calling an air strike
in the hope of detonating an entire mine field. The results were
disappointing. Live mines were blown to new locations, thus changing
the pattern, but few exploded.[204]
[204] 2/1 _HD_, May 51.
The 7th Marines was relieved on the 23d by elements of the 7th Infantry
Division (IX Corps) and moved to the east for employment on the Marine
right flank. The KMC Regiment, relieved by other IX Corps units, went
into Division reserve.[205]
[205] 1stMarDiv _HD_, May 51.
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