U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central FrontMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central Front
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
On the surface this seemed to be a practical solution, especially
after a four-plane alert was established at K-46 for use by the 1st
Marine Division when needed. DEVASTATE BAKER was permitted to put in
an alerting call directly to the field. The rub was that JOC must be
called in order to make the original request. Before the planes could
take off, the MAG-12 operations officer at the field was likewise
required to call JOC and confirm the fact that the mission had been
approved.
Communications were poor at first for the 40 miles between the field
and the front. DEVASTATE BAKER got better results by calling 1st MAW
Headquarters at K-1, 140 miles south, and having the Wing call K-46 and
JOC. This meant delays such as General Thomas described in a letter to
General Almond. On 29 May, he said, the 5th and 7th Marines were up
against severe enemy fire in their attack. The TACPS had enemy targets
under observation and were ready to control any aircraft they could
get. The Marines requested 92 sorties and received 55. Of these, 20
were flown by Corsairs or Panther Jets, and 35 by Air Force jets and
Mustangs. And though 55 sorties were considerably less than optimum
air support, practically all arrived from two to four hours late. On
the firing line the enemy’s resistance, concluded General Thomas, was
broken not by air power but by Marine riflemen.[221]
[221] CG 1stMarDiv ltr to CG X Corps, 31 May 51.
On other days the new plan made a more encouraging showing. There was,
for instance, the occasion when the OYs discovered an enemy regiment
near the 1st Marine Division right flank. DEVASTATE BAKER called the
1st MAW direct on 31 May for 16 fighters as soon as possible. Wing
called JOC for approval to launch the flight and put in a call to K-46
to alert the planes. In just 48 minutes after the initial call from
DEVASTATE BAKER, 16 pilots had jumped into their flight gear at K-46,
had been briefed, and were airborne on what proved to be a timely
strike with excellent results.[222]
[222] 1st MAW _HD_, May 51, Pt 2, Assessment Rpt for 31 May 51.
A new tactic of night air support was introduced late in May when
Marine R4D transports were outfitted to operate as flare planes. Not
only did these unarmed aircraft light up targets along the front lines
for the VMF(N)-513 night fighters; they were also on call for use by
the 1st Marine Division. Later, on 12 June, the Navy provided the 1st
MAW with PB4Y-2 Privateers for the nightly illumination missions.[223]
[223] 1st MAW _HD_, May 51, Pt 1, App II, 2; Chronology, 31
May; MAG-12 _HD_ Jun 51, Chronology and 12 Jun.
_Fight of the 5th Marines for Hill 610_
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