U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central FrontMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central Front
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Try as they might, the UN air forces could not prevent the arrival of
the 2,900 tons of rations, fuel, ammunition, and other supplies needed
every day by the 58 Communist divisions at the front.
The enemy during this period was increasing his own air potential. On
17 June the Fifth Air Force warned that the Communists had stepped up
their number of planes from an estimated 900 in mid-May to 1,050 in
mid-June. Their Korean airfields were being kept under repair in spite
of persistent UN air attacks.
In June enemy light planes made night raids along the UN front lines
and even into the Seoul area. VMF(N)-513 pilots, flying the nightly
combat patrol over Seoul, had several fleeting contacts with these
black-painted raiders. The Marines were unable to close in for the
kill, since the opposing planes were nonmetal and difficult to track
by radar. Soon, however, the VMF(N)-513 pilots had better hunting. On
30 June Captain Edwin B. Long and his radar operator, CWO Robert C.
Buckingham, shot down a black, two-place PO-2 biplane. And on 13 July
Captain Donald L. Fenton destroyed another.[267]
[267] MAG-12 HD, Jun 51, Summary and Chronology, 30 Jun; MAG-12
_HD_, Jul 51, Chronology, 13 Jul.
Despite the Air Force emphasis on interdiction, better close air
support remained a major objective of the 1st MAW. One of the
requirements was a shorter flying distance from air base to combat
area. K-46, the MAG-12 field near Hoengsong, had qualified with respect
to reduced flying time. Maintenance problems caused by the dusty, rocky
runway of this primitive strip led to its abandonment. On 14 July
the squadrons pulled back temporarily to K-1, and on the 26th MAG-12
withdrew its maintenance crews.
The Group’s new field was K-18, a 4,400-foot strip on the east coast
near Kangnung and just south of the 38th Parallel. Situated only 40
miles behind the 1st Marine Division and on the seacoast, the new field
seemed to be ideally located. The runway, reinforced with pierced steel
planking, extended inland from a beach where water-borne supplies could
be delivered, as at K-3.[268]
[268] “Rpt of Visit to Far East by CG, FMFPac, and his staff
during the period 27 August to 12 September 1951,” 17
_ff._
_The Division Back in Action Again_
Political causes had a good deal to do with the renewal of activity for
the 1st Marine Division late in August 1951. Apparently the Communist
armed forces had been given enough time to recuperate from their hard
knocks in May and June. At any rate, the Red delegates walked out on
the truce talks after falsely charging on 22 August that UN planes
had violated the neutrality of the Kaesong area by dropping napalm
bombs. Although the Reds were unable to show any credible evidence, the
negotiations came to an abrupt end for the time being.[269]
[269] Berger, _The Korean Knot_, _op. cit._ 144–145.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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