U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central FrontMontross, Lynn
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 4 (of 5): The East-Central Front
Montross, Lynn
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
It was the first opportunity for HMR-161 to try out improvements in
helicopter “flying crane” techniques credited to Major Charles E.
Cornwell. He had adapted the underslung nets, controlled manually
from the cabin, which did a better job than the pallet, or portable
platform, for many types of cargo.
An average altitude of 2,300 feet for the five landing places made it
necessary to reduce the payload to 850 pounds. Yet HMR-161 handled
the assignment during the first week of 1952 with about one-third of
its aircraft while the remainder went about routine chores. So well
did four helicopters keep ahead of schedule that sometimes they flew
in more cargo than could be immediately unloaded at the objectives.
Following are the statistics of the seven days:
Pounds lifted, 150,730; Hours of flight time, 91.7; Loads lifted,
219; Average of miles flown, 9.6
Three days later, Operation CHANGIE-CHANGIE began on 10 January 1952.
Like Operation BUMBLEBEE three months earlier, this was a battalion
relief lift. Yet it differed from its predecessors in that troops
were to be flown from Field X-83 to sites on the company instead of
battalion level, the former being only 200 yards behind the front
line.[351]
[351] Sources for the helicopter operations described in this
section are the following: HMR-161, _HD_, Jan and Feb 51;
_Cavalry of the Sky_, 176–175. Veterans of the Korean
conflict will recall that “changie-changie” meant “swap”
in the pidgin English serving as a conversational medium
between Americans and Orientals. Hence it was applicable
to a relief operation.
In December the loading zone and landing site duties formerly assigned
to a platoon of the 1st Shore Party Battalion, were taken over by the
1st Air Delivery Platoon, Service Command, FMFPac. First Lieutenant
William A. Reavis and 35 enlisted men had a mission “to prepare
and deliver supplies by air, whether by parachute, air freight,
or helicopter.” These specialists were in charge during Operation
CHANGIE-CHANGIE when the 2d Battalion, 7th Marines (Lieutenant Colonel
Edward G. Kurdziel) relieved Lieutenant Colonel Norton’s 1st Battalion,
5th Marines. The operation was conducted smoothly by helicopters flying
in defilade throughout the approach, landing, and return phases.
Operation MOUSETRAP, from 14 to 17 January, was planned primarily as
a test of the ability of HMR-161 to launch an antiguerrilla attack on
short notice. Colonel McCutcheon and Lieutenant Colonel Mitchell were
alerted at 0100 in regard to a two-company lift scheduled for 1000
that same morning. With “only minor difficulties” they transported 500
Marines to a landing site cleared by the Air Delivery Platoon. Three
similar troop movements were completed by HMR-161 during the next three
days.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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