U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West KoreaUnited States. Marine Corps
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West Korea
United States. Marine Corps
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
Initially, the Communist answer was an oppressive silence that lasted
for more than a month. During this time the Communist hierarchy had
been stunned by the death, on 5 March, of Premier Stalin. Then, on 28
March, in a letter that reached General Clark at Tokyo in the middle
of the night, came an unexpected response from the two Communist
spokesmen. They not only agreed unconditionally to an exchange of the
sick and injured prisoners but further proposed that “the delegates
for armistice negotiations of both sides immediately resume the
negotiations at Panmunjom.”[393]
[393] Leckie, _Conflict_, p. 373.
This favorable development astonished not only the United Nations
Commander but the rest of the Free World as well. Several steps were
quickly put in motion. The UN Commander’s reply to the Kim-Peng offer
was expressed in such a way that resumption of full negotiations was
not tied in as a condition for the preliminary exchange of ailing POWs.
President Eisenhower, commenting on the new Communist proposals at his
2 April press conference, stated he thought the country should “now
take at face value every offer made to us until it is proved unworthy
of our confidence.”[394] He also further enjoined major military
commanders and subordinates to avoid anything that might be contrary to
this view when they made public remarks or issued press releases.
[394] CG, Eighth Army msg to CG, 1stMarDiv and others, dtd 4
Apr 53, in 1stMarDiv ComdD, Apr 53, App. I, p. 1.
In Korea, the Munsan-ni Provisional Command was established on 5 April
under the Commanding General, Eighth Army, in the vicinity of the 1st
Marine Division railhead at Munsan-ni. The command was to prepare for
the many housekeeping details involved in the receiving and orderly
processing of all UNC prisoners. The anticipated exchange itself was
dubbed Operation LITTLE SWITCH. Two Army officers, one Marine Corps,
and one ROKA representative were designed to direct the administrative
machinery of the provisional command. Heading the organization was
Colonel Raymond W. Beggs, USA.
The Marine representative, Colonel Wallace M. Nelson, was named
commanding officer of the United Nations Personnel and Medical
Processing Unit. His responsibility was not limited to the obvious
medical aspects of the exchange, but extended to other details
involving clothing issue, personnel, security, chaplains, food,
communication, motor transport, engineering, and the operation of
unit headquarters. Among those matters to which the Munsan-ni command
directed its immediate attention was the setting up of a temporary
facility for Communist prisoners currently held in UNC camps at Koje,
Cheju, and Yongcho Islands and a hospital near Pusan. Arrangements were
also made for in interpreter pool, debriefing teams, and press center
facilities.
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