U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West KoreaUnited States. Marine Corps
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West Korea
United States. Marine Corps
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
All of the 19 Marine and Navy POWs had been released by 25 April.
After final processing and clearance for return to the U.S. the men
were flown home, via Hawaii, in three groups that departed 28 April,
30 April, and 4 May. Each was accompanied by a Marine Corps officer.
Members of the first contingent of POWs arrived at Travis Air Force
Base, California, on 29 April, thereby completing their 7,000-mile
journey from Communist prison camps. Another small group of POWs
considered possible security risks were airlifted directly from Japan
to Valley Forge Hospital, near Philadelphia, for further interviewing.
No Marines were among them. With the initial prisoner exchange
completed, staffs of the major Far East commands began to prepare for
the final return of all POWs. Operation BIG SWITCH would take place
after the ceasefire that, hopefully, was not too far away.
On the day that Operation LITTLE SWITCH ended, 26 April, plenary
truce talks resumed at Panmunjom. The stormy issue of repatriation of
prisoners, which had already prolonged the war by more than a year,
was still the one major problem preventing final agreement. There was
indication, however, that the Communists appeared to be softening on
their rigid insistence of forced repatriation. And, on 7 May, the
Communists accepted the UN proposal that nonrepatriate prisoners be
kept in neutral custody within Korea (rather than being removed to a
foreign neutral nation) and offered an eight-point armistice plan. With
modifications, this ultimately became the basis for the armistice.
While discussions and disagreements continued on this proposal, another
real problem developed from a totally different source.
Since early in April rumblings had been heard, through the polite
ambassadorial circuits, that Syngman Rhee, the aging South Korean
president, was dissatisfied with major truce issues. In particular, he
was disturbed over the possibility that Korea would not become reunited
politically. Further, Rhee gave indication that he might take some
kind of action on his own. The Korean leader had advised President
Eisenhower that if any armistice was signed that permitted Chinese
Communist troops to remain south of the Yalu, with his country divided,
he would withdraw ROK military forces from the UN command. Since South
Korean troops, backed by American specialized units, presently manned
the bulk of the UNC front line, Rhee’s threat to remove them from
General Clark’s command presented harrowing possibilities.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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