U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West KoreaUnited States. Marine Corps
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West Korea
United States. Marine Corps
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
For its part, the 25th Division, commanded by Major General Samuel T.
Williams, was to shift over to the I Corps far west coastal area from
its own neighboring IX Corps sector on the right. Marine association
with the Army division went back to the early days of the war.[410]
In August 1950, when the Korean Conflict was then only a few weeks
old, the 25th Division, with the 1st Provisional Marine Brigade and
the Army’s RCT-5, had spearheaded the first UN counteroffensive on the
far southern front, in the Sachon-Chinju area. Now fresh from its own
recent period in reserve[411] the 25th Division, including its attached
Turkish Brigade, was to take over the 33-mile 1st Marine Division line,
effective 5 May. Marine armor and artillery, however, would remain in
support of the 25th Division and transfer to I Corps control.
[410] The two divisions had also seen combat together early in
WW II, at Guadalcanal. Col R. D. Heinl, Jr. ltr to Dir,
MCHist, HQMC, dtd 27 Sep 70, hereafter _Heinl ltr_.
[411] Soon after assuming command of the Eighth Army, in
mid-February, General Taylor had begun to stress the need
for a complete eight-week training program for reserve
divisions before reentering the line, detailed rehearsal
of patrols, and more frequent rotation of artillery
battalions to maintain their basic mobility. Hermes,
_Truce Tent_, p. 391.
Another change at this time affected the designation of the United
Nations MLR. Called Line JAMESTOWN in the I Corps sector (and variously
in other parts of the EUSAK front as MISSOURI, DULUTH, MINNESOTA,
and CAT), the Allied front was redesignated simply as “main line of
resistance,” beginning 28 April, and was to be so known in all future
orders and communications throughout the entire Eighth Army. A further
modification dropped the reference “in Korea” from the acronym EUSAK,
the title becoming “Eighth U.S. Army.”
In the Marine sector, the last few days of April were a study in
contrasts. While Marine frontline infantrymen and cannoneers were
having a comparatively peaceful interlude during this period of minimal
CCF activity, division engineers were the proverbial colony of beavers.
Following up their rigorous schedule in early April of building Freedom
Village from scratch within 36 hours, engineer personnel moved out from
the division sector late that month to begin construction of the rear
area camps that would shortly be occupied by the Marines while in I
Corps reserve.
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