U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West KoreaUnited States. Marine Corps
History
U.S. Marine Operations in Korea, 1950-1953, Volume 5 (of 5): Operations in West Korea
United States. Marine Corps
Korean War, 1950-1953 -- Campaigns; United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Korean War, 1950-1953
The renewed effort of the Chinese Communists against UNC ground forces
in late May continued sporadically the following month. A number of new
records were set by Marines flying CAS assignments under the Fifth Air
Force. During the intense mid-June attacks on the ROK II Corps area
and adjacent X Corps sector, MAGs-12 and -33 pilots chalked up some
busy days. Between 10–17 June, Marine, Navy, and Air Force aircraft
had flown 8,359 effective sorties, the bulk of this massive FAF
effort to buttress the crumbling ROK defense. Of this number, Marine
sorties totaled 1,156, or nearly 14 percent. (Combat sorties for the
1st MAW throughout June came to 3,276 despite 23 days of marginal to
nonoperational weather.) Marine pilots scored as high as 48 percent
of a single day’s interdiction strikes made by FAF. This occurred 15
June when the 1st MAW flew a record-breaking 283 sorties, followed by
another peak 227 sorties the next day.
Actually, when the ground situation in the ROK II Corps front began to
deteriorate on 12 June, the new Fifth Air Force commander, Lieutenant
General Samuel E. Anderson, “waived the [3,000 foot] minimum-altitude
restrictions on his fighter-bombers and ordered his wings to give
all-out support to the Eighth Army.”[460] The Seventh Fleet commander,
Admiral Clark, likewise kept his carriers on line for seven days and
ordered its naval pilots to “team with Marine and Fifth Air Force
airmen for a close-support effort exceeding anything up to that
time.”[461] When the ROK II Corps defenses cracked open on 15 June,
temporary clearing weather “allowed General Anderson and Admiral Clark
to hit the Reds with everything they had. FEAF planes flew a total of
2,143 sorties of all kinds for the largest single day’s effort of the
war.”[462]
[460] Futrell, _USAF, Korea_, p. 631.
[461] _Ibid._
[462] _Ibid._
Commenting on this heavy action period, 14–17 June, a dispatch to
General Megee from the new FAF commander, who had succeeded General
Barcus the previous month, noted:
The figures are now in. From 2000, 14 Jun 53, to 0001, 17 Jun
53, Fifth Air Force units flew a total of 3,941 combat sorties.
The cost was 9 pilots lost, 11 aircraft lost, 11 aircraft major
damage, 42 aircraft minor damage. The results: 1 enemy offensive
stopped cold. I very deeply appreciate the splendid efforts of
all members of the 5th AF at all levels. Only a concerted team
effort made the foregoing possible.[463]
[463] CG, FAF msg to CG, 1st MAW, dtd 17 Jun 53, in 1st MAW
ComdD Jun 53 (Vol I), p. 3 and App., IV (Vol III).
This came, incidentally, only five days after receipt by the 1st Marine
Aircraft Wing of the Korean Presidential Unit Citation.[464] The award
cited the wing’s “outstanding and superior performance of duty” between
27 February 1951 and 11 June 1953. During this period Marine fliers
executed more than 80,000 combat sorties for UNC divisions.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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