U.S. Marines In Vietnam, Volume 1 (of 9) : $b The advisory & combat assistance era 1954-1964Whitlow, Robert H.
History
U.S. Marines In Vietnam, Volume 1 (of 9) : $b The advisory & combat assistance era 1954-1964
Whitlow, Robert H.
United States. Marine Corps -- History -- Vietnam War, 1961-1975
The Vietnamese commanders in I Corps, who had learned to value
helicopter support as a result of the Army aviation company’s
eight-month presence at Da Nang, lost no time in employing the newly
arrived Marine squadron. HMM-163 flew its first combat operation from
Da Nang on 18 September, the day after the last flight of helicopters
arrived from Soc Trang. Fourteen HUSs lifted troops of the 2d ARVN
Division into two landing zones in the rugged hills about 35 miles
south of Da Nang and 25 miles inland from the coast. The scarcity of
suitable landing zones in the steep hill country and the fact that
the enemy could deliver fire on those that did exist from nearby
high ground and the surrounding jungle prompted the Marine pilots
to adjust their tactics in preparation for this mission. After VNAF
fighters bombed and strafed the objective area, the helicopters made an
unopposed landing.
The tactic of preparing helicopter landing zones with air strikes
was continued and refined in the ensuing weeks. The Marines began
using artillery fire in conjunction with air strikes to neutralize
enemy troops in the vicinity of the objective. The OE-1 was well
suited for assisting in the employment of the artillery fire support.
Having familiarized themselves with the landing site during a prior
reconnaissance mission, the pilot and observer of the OE-1 would arrive
over the designated area prior to the operation and adjust artillery
fire until the helicopters appeared. During the landing the crew of the
observation aircraft often coordinated between the helicopters and the
escorting aircraft and were available to assist the ground units with
artillery fire missions.
The task unit’s staff borrowed another idea from their experience
in the Mekong Delta which allowed HMM-163 to provide more efficient
helicopter support in the northern provinces. In this case the concept
of temporarily positioning the TAFDS to support specific operations
was refined somewhat by placing the portable refueling bladders at
secure, permanent locations throughout I Corps. Several days after
arriving in I Corps, the Marines emplaced a 10,000-gallon section of
the TAFDS at Quang Ngai, about 65 miles south of Da Nang, to serve as a
permanent refueling point for aircraft operating in southern I Corps.
Within the month, another fuel bladder was positioned at Hue and a
third was emplaced at Tam Ky, the capital of Quang Tin Province, which
was situated on Route 1 about half way between Da Nang and Quang Ngai.
These well-chosen refueling points greatly enhanced the squadron’s
operational potential. Used to support daily operations, they enabled
the helicopters to operate deep into the adjacent mountain areas on
resupply and medical evacuation missions.
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