When Seneca was still a babe only two years old the family migrated to
Rome. He had two brothers,--Marcus Annæus Novatus and Lucius Annæus
Mela. The latter was the father of Lucan, the poet of Rome’s declining
literature. The former is known in history as Julius Gallio, a name
which he took when adopted by an orator of that name. It was the same
Gallio who became deputy of Achaia in Greece and before whom the
Apostle Paul was dragged at Corinth by the Jews, who were indignant
at his success in preaching. When some Greeks seized Sosthenes, the
ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the judgment seat, Gallio
“cared for none of those things.” How little he dreamed that the one
thing that would keep his name before the ages would be the fact that
a Christian Jew, obscure at that time, was brought for a few moments
before his tribunal! But he was popular in his day for his culture and
refinement and was called _dulcis Gallio_,--the sweet Gallio.
Seneca had the best educational advantages of his times. He studied
rhetoric and philosophy. From Sotion, a Pythagorean, he imbibed the
doctrine of the transmigration of souls, and from Attalus, the Stoic,
a hatred of “vice, of error, and of the ills of life.” He learned in
theory to commend poverty, to despise luxury, and to declare that
the mind should be superior to its surroundings. He was too far from
Palestine to have been brought in contact with the ministry there of
Christ and of his apostles, but it is striking to remember (and here we
may quote the language of Dean Farrar) that “amid all the guilty and
stormy scenes in which his earlier destiny was cast there lived and
taught in Palestine the Son of God, the Saviour of the World.” While
the young Seneca was being guarded by his attendant slave through the
crowded and dangerous streets of Rome on his way to school, Saint Peter
and Saint Andrew were fisher lads by the shore of Lake Gennesareth;
while Seneca was ardently assimilating the doctrine of Attalus, Saint
Paul with no less fervency of soul sat learning at the feet of the
Rabbi Gamaliel in Jerusalem, and long before Seneca had made his way
through paths dizzy and dubious to the zenith of his fame, the Saviour
of men, unknown to him, had been cruelly crucified.
Seneca’s writings during the life of Tiberius were chiefly on subjects
drawn from nature and on India and Egypt,--countries in which he had
been traveling. He won a high reputation in literature. He had little
to do with the imperial court. He was not brought into any personal
relation with the emperor Tiberius, but not infrequently in his pages
refers to that “brutal monster” and to the dangerous power of his prime
minister, Sejanus. We shall hear more of Seneca farther on.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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