Unto This Last, and Other Essays on Political EconomyRuskin, John
General
Unto This Last, and Other Essays on Political Economy
Ruskin, John
Art; Economics
[118] I have not hitherto touched on the subject of interest of
money; it is too complex; and must be reserved for its
proper place in the body of the work. (I should be glad if a
writer, who sent me some valuable notes on this subject, and
asked me to return a letter which I still keep at his
service, would send me his address.) The definition of
interest (apart from compensation for risk) is, "the
exponent of the comfort of accomplished labour, separated
from its power;" the power being what is lent: and the
French economists who have maintained the entire illegality
of interest are wrong; yet by no means so curiously or
wildly wrong as the English and French ones opposed to them,
whose opinions have been collected by Dr. Whewell at page 41
of his Lectures; it never seeming to occur to the mind of
the compiler any more than to the writers whom he quotes,
that it is quite possible, and even (according to Jewish
proverb) prudent, for men to hoard, as ants and mice do, for
use, not usury; and lay by something for winter nights, in
the expectation of rather sharing than lending the
scrapings. My Savoyard squirrels would pass a pleasant time
of it under the snow-laden pine-branches, if they always
declined to economize because no one would pay them interest
on nuts.
Not but that also this game of life-giving-and-taking is, in the end,
somewhat more costly than other forms of play might be. Rifle practice
is, indeed, a not unhealthy pastime, and a feather on the top of the
head is a pleasing appendage; but while learning the stops and
fingering of the sweet instrument, does no one ever calculate the cost
of an overture? What melody does Tityrus meditate on his tenderly
spiral pipe? The leaden seed of it, broad cast, true conical "Dents de
Lion" seed--needing leas allowance for the wind than is usual with
that kind of herb--what crop are you likely to have of it? Suppose,
instead of this volunteer marching and countermarching, you were to do
a little volunteer ploughing and counterploughing? It is more
difficult to do it straight: the dust of the earth, so disturbed, is
more grateful than for merely rhythmic footsteps. Golden cups, also,
given for good ploughing would be more suitable in colour (ruby glass,
for the wine which "giveth his colour" on the ground, as well as in
the cup, might be fitter for the rifle prize in the ladies' hands);
or, conceive a little volunteer exercise with the spade, other than
such as is needed for moat and breastwork, or even for the burial of
the fruit of the leaden avena-seed, subject to the shrill Lemures'
criticism--
"Wer hat das Haus so schlecht gebaut?"
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