Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes) — John Shaqi
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
The _trochanter_ is a large squarish tuberosity on the lateral surface
of the proximal end of the femur. The _trochanteric ridge_ is a sharp,
longitudinal (relative to the femur) ridge forming the anterior edge of
the trochanter. The _obturator ridge_ is a short, blunt, longitudinal
ridge forming the posterior edge of the trochanter. The _anterior
intermuscular line_ is a slight ridge extending distally from the
trochanteric ridge. The _posterolateral intermuscular line_ is a slight
ridge extending distally from the obturator ridge. The _posterior
intermuscular line_ is a slight, longitudinal ridge on the mid-posterior
surface of the femur. The _internal condyle_ is a large rounded
articular prominence on the medial side of the distal end of the femur.
On the lateral side of the distal end of the femur are two articular
prominences--the lateralmost, smaller one is the _fibular condyle_,
separated by the _fibular groove_ (visible from posterior aspect only)
from the larger and more medial _external condyle_. The _popliteal area_
is a depression on the posterior surface of the distal part of the femur
immediately proximal to the condyles.
TIBIOTARSUS AND FIBULA
The _inner cnemial crest_ is pronounced and directed anteriorly on the
anterior surface of the proximal end of the tibiotarsus. The _outer
cnemial crest_ is pronounced and directed anterolaterally on the
anterolateral surface of the proximal end of the tibiotarsus. The
_rotular crest_ is transverse and forms the anterior border of the
proximal end of the tibiotarsus; the crest extends between the dorsal
ends of the two cnemial crests and also extends medial to the inner
cnemial crest. The _fibular crest_ is longitudinal on the lateral
surface of the tibiotarsus and fuses with the middle part of the fibula.
The _fibular tubercle_ is small and on the lateral surface of the fibula
near the level of the middle of the fibular crest. The _anteromedial
intermuscular line_ is a slight ridge extending from the inner cnemial
crest down the anteromedial surface of the tibiotarsus. The
_anterolateral intermuscular line_ is a slight ridge extending from the
fibular crest down the anterolateral surface of the tibiotarsus. The
_supratendinal bridge_ is a transverse bony arch over a longitudinal
groove near the distal end of the anterior surface of the tibiotarsus.
TARSOMETATARSUS
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