Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes) — John Shaqi
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Most superficial muscle on lateral
surface of thigh; broad, flat, and triangular; bounded anteriorly by M.
extensor iliotibialis anticus and posteriorly by M. flexor cruris
lateralis; posterior part considerably thicker than anterior part;
anteroproximal and centrodistal parts aponeurotic; extreme
posteroproximal corner also aponeurotic (could be considered tough sheet
of connective tissue intimately fused with M. extensor iliotibialis
lateralis, rather than part of muscle itself; see fig. 20F); latter
aponeurosis, as well as adjacent fleshy fibers, overlapped by M. flexor
cruris lateralis; this aponeurosis fused with posterior end of
underlying M. caudofemoralis pars iliofemoralis; centrodistal
aponeurosis tightly fused to underlying Mm. vastus lateralis and vastus
medialis; fleshy fibers posterior to this aponeurosis also fused with M.
vastus lateralis, although posterior third of muscle free; fleshy part
anterior to this aponeurosis bound by tough connective tissue to
underlying M. vastus medialis, although no fusion of fibers; anterior
edge tightly bound by strong connective tissue to M. extensor
iliotibialis anticus, with some fusion of fibers (proximally);
posteroproximal corner bound by tough connective tissue to adjacent
muscles; anteroproximal aponeurosis fused with aponeurotic
anteroproximal part of underlying M. extensor iliofibularis. Continuous
proximal aponeurosis of M. extensor iliotibialis anticus and of M.
extensor iliotibialis lateralis underlain by tough fascial sheet
overlying M. gluteus profundus; anterior part of this fascia tightly
fused to latter muscle but free from overlying aponeurosis; posterior
part of this fascia tightly fused to overlying aponeurosis but free from
M. gluteus profundus; middle part of fascia fused to both aponeurosis
and M. gluteus profundus.
[Illustration: FIG. 14. _Tympanuchus pallidicinctus_ 2L. Lateral view of
the muscles of the left leg. The following muscles have been removed:
extensor iliotibialis lateralis, extensor iliotibialis anticus,
gastrocnemius pars externa and pars interna, and peroneus longus. × 1.]
[Illustration: FIG. 15. _Tympanuchus pallidicinctus_ 2L. Medial view of
the muscles of the left leg. The following muscles have been removed:
extensor iliotibialis lateralis, extensor iliotibialis anticus, ambiens,
flexor cruris lateralis (in part), flexor cruris medialis (in part),
gastrocnemius pars externa and pars interna, and peroneus longus. × 1.]
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