Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Thick; on anteromedial surface of
femur medial to anterior part of M. vastus lateralis pars lateralis;
bounded medially by Mm. ambiens and extensor iliotibialis anticus
(distally); bounded posteromedially by M. femoritibialis internus;
proximal part medial to posterior ends of Mm. iliacus,
iliotrochantericus medius, and gluteus profundus; lateral surface,
except proximal part, fused with anterior part of M. vastus lateralis
pars lateralis; part of lateral surface of M. vastus medialis covered by
sheet of fascia attaching to anterior intermuscular line; M. vastus
lateralis separable from this fascia, but fascia absent anteriorly and
distally and these two muscles indistinguishably fused.
ORIGIN.--The proximal third is attached narrowly by its lateral edge;
the distal two thirds is attached broadly by its entire deep surface.
The proximal third arises tendinously from the trochanteric ridge and
the proximal end of the anterior intermuscular line and fleshily from a
narrow area of the femur adjacent (medial) to the latter; the distal
part arises tendinously from the anterior intermuscular line and
fleshily from a broad adjacent area on the anteromedial surface of the
femur, terminating distally at the level of the proximal end of the
internal condyle; the posterior edge contacts the origin of M.
femoritibialis internus.
INSERTION.--Attachment is in common with M. vastus lateralis pars
lateralis, which see.
INNERVATION.--Two or more branches of the middle division of the femoral
nerve penetrate the anterior surface of the fused Mm. vastus medialis
and vastus lateralis pars lateralis; a variable number of branches of
the same division penetrate the medial surface of the proximal part of
M. vastus medialis.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--None of significance in any of the three species
studied.
=_M. Femoritibialis Internus_=, Figs. 13, 15
_T. pallidicinctus_
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Elongate; on posteromedial surface
of femur; bounded anteriorly by M. vastus medialis and posteriorly by M.
adductor profundus (overlapping anterior edge of latter); anteroproximal
part lateral to M. ambiens; anterodistal corner deep to distal end of M.
extensor iliotibialis anticus; distal part of muscle split into
superficial and deep layers; superficial layer thin, narrow, and
tendinous except for proximal end; deep layer wider, much thicker, and
fleshy except for distal end taking form of flat tendon; anterior edge
of latter somewhat fused to medial edge of tendon of M. vastus medialis;
deep layer widest near distal end of fleshy part; posterior edge of
superficial layer fused to underlying deep layer, and anterior edge
fused to (continuous with) posterior edge of tendon of M. extensor
iliotibialis anticus.
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