Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
INSERTION.--The common belly terminates approximately two thirds of the
way down the shank; the slender ossified tendon begins along the
posteromedial edge of the common belly, continues distally along the
posterior surface of the shank, and becomes flexible before passing
through the canal in the tibial cartilage that lies posteromedial to the
canal for M. flexor digitorum longus. The tendon passes with the tendon
of M. flexor perforatus digiti II (medial to the latter) through a canal
in the hypotarsus (see M. flexor perforatus digiti II); just below the
hypotarsus, the tendon becomes superficial to the tendon of M. flexor
perforatus digiti II and farther distally becomes lateral and finally
deep to the latter; the tendon is ossified for most of the length of the
tarsometatarsus. At the distal end of this bone, the tendon expands
before passing onto the ventral surface of digit II between the tendons
of Mm. flexor perforatus digiti II and flexor digitorum longus; at the
level of the first phalanx, the edges of the tendon extend dorsally
around the tendon of M. flexor digitorum longus and fuse, forming a
sheath around the latter; the latter emerges from the sheath near the
distal end of the first phalanx; the tendon attaches to the proximal end
of the subarticular cartilage ventral to the first interphalangeal joint
(the strongest attachment is on the medial side).
INNERVATION.--The lateral division of the tibial nerve sends twigs into
the posteromedial edge of the posterior head.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In one leg, the fleshy part of the anterior head
is unusually long. In another leg, the anterior head is entirely
tendinous. In one leg, a bundle of fibers of the posterior head attaches
to the deep surface of the distal part of the patellar tendon. In one
leg, near the middle of the tarsometatarsus a rather long and narrow but
thick and strong vinculum arises from the tendon of M. flexor perforatus
digiti II and, farther distally, joins the tendon of M. flexor perforans
et perforatus digiti II.
_T. cupido_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In one leg, the posterior head arises in part
from the distolateral edge of the patellar tendon and in another, in
part from the superficial surface of the distolateral corner of the
patellar tendon.
_P. p. jamesi_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--None of significance.
=_M. Flexor Perforans et Perforatus Digiti III_=, Figs. 12, 14
_T. pallidicinctus_
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