Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In both legs of one specimen, the part arising
from the femorofibular fascia appears as a distinct but short accessory
head. There is no significant individual variation in _T. cupido_ or _P.
p. jamesi_.
=_M. Flexor Perforatus Digiti IV_=, Figs. 14, 16
_T. pallidicinctus_
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--On posterolateral aspect of shank
deep to M. gastrocnemius pars externa; bounded medially by medial head
of M. flexor perforatus digiti III, anterolaterally by posterior head of
M. flexor perforans et perforatus digiti II, and anteriorly by M. flexor
digitorum longus; divided into three heads--medial (largest), lateral,
and anterolateral (smallest); tendon of insertion of M. extensor
iliofibularis passing between medial and lateral heads; proximal and
anteroproximal parts of _lateral head_ an extremely thin, flat tendon;
anterodistal part of tendon fused to lateral surface of fleshy part of
underlying lateral head of M. flexor perforatus digiti II; proximal part
of tendon fused indistinguishably to tendinous part of underlying
lateral head of M. flexor perforatus digiti II; fleshy part of
_anterolateral head_ anterodistal to lateral head; proximal part of
former a long slender tendon anterior to lateral head; anterior surface
of anterolateral head (both fleshy and tendinous parts) fused to tendon
of anterolateral head of M. flexor perforatus digiti III; deep surface
fused to underlying anterolateral head (fleshy) of M. flexor perforatus
digiti II; common tendon of anterolateral heads of M. flexor perforatus
digiti IV and M. flexor perforatus digiti III passing medial to tendon
of insertion of M. extensor iliofibularis, to peroneal nerve, and to
fibular arm of guide loop for M. extensor iliofibularis; tendon of M.
ambiens inserting on anterolateral surface of this common tendon;
_medial head_ entirely fleshy; medial surface fused to medial head of M.
flexor perforatus digiti III; deep surface fused to medial edge of
underlying medial head of M. flexor perforatus digiti II; medial and
lateral heads joined, forming bipinnate belly (pinnate structure most
evident on deep surface); anterolateral head joined to distolateral part
of belly.
ORIGIN.--The _medial head_ attaches fleshily to the proximal part of the
popliteal area proximal (adjacent) to the origin of M. flexor hallucis
longus and distolateral to the distal end of the origin of M.
femorocruralis; the attachment extends laterally onto the posterolateral
surface of the femur proximal (adjacent) to the common attachment of M.
gastrocnemius pars externa and the distal arm of the guide loop for M.
extensor iliofibularis; the medial edge of the origin is fused with part
of the tendinous origin of the medial head of M. flexor perforatus
digiti III.
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