Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
INSERTION.--The short, slender, ossified tendon becomes flexible and
passes through the canal in the tibial cartilage that lies medial to the
canal for M. flexor hallucis longus and lateral to the canals for Mm.
flexor digitorum longus and flexor perforans et perforatus digiti II.
The tendon passes with the tendon of M. flexor perforans et perforatus
digiti II (lateral to latter) through the canal in the hypotarsus that
is deep to the groove for M. flexor perforatus digiti III and
superficial to the canal for M. flexor digitorum longus; the former
canal has a bony floor and sides but a fibrous roof; a fibrous partition
subdivides the proximal half of this canal, forming a separate channel
for each tendon. The tendon is ossified for most of the length of the
tarsometatarsus and is situated lateral (adjacent) to the posterior
metatarsal crest; immediately below the hypotarsus, the tendon becomes
situated deep to the tendon of M. flexor perforans et perforatus digiti
II and farther distally becomes situated medial and finally superficial
to the latter; at the distal end of the tarsometatarsus the tendon
expands greatly and its edges (thick) pass dorsally around the
underlying flexor tendons and become continuous with the subarticular
cartilage ventral to the trochlea for digit II. The tendon extends onto
the ventral surface of digit II and attaches by its edges to the
ventromedial and ventrolateral surfaces of the proximal part of the
first phalanx (the lateral edge extending farthest distally); the
tendons of Mm. flexor perforans et perforatus digiti II and flexor
digitorum longus emerge from the distal end of the tendon of M. flexor
perforatus digiti II.
INNERVATION.--The posterior division of the tibial nerve passes between
the medial heads of Mm. flexor perforatus digiti III and flexor
perforatus digiti IV and gives a twig to the superficial surface of each
of the three heads of M. flexor perforatus digiti II and sometimes gives
another twig to the superficial surface of the distal part of the common
belly.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In one leg, a vinculum connects the tendon with
that of M. flexor perforans et perforatus digiti II (which see).
_T. cupido_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--The canal in the hypotarsus through which the
tendon passes has a bony (instead of fibrous) roof in one leg.
_P. p. jamesi_
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--The variation given above for _T. cupido_ is
found in both legs of one specimen.
=_M. Flexor Hallucis Longus_=, Figs. 15, 19A
_T. pallidicinctus_
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