Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
=_M. Extensor Brevis Digiti III_= (M. extensor proprius digiti III),
Figs. 19E, 20N
_T. pallidicinctus_
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Short and relatively broad (narrow
proximally); on mid-anterior surface of distal part of tarsometatarsus;
tendon of insertion fused with articular capsule.
ORIGIN.--The origin is fleshy from the mid-anterior surface of the
distal part of the tarsometatarsus ending a short distance proximal to
the trochlea for digit III.
INSERTION.--The flat tendon passes over the trochlea for digit III and
attaches to the dorsal surface of the proximal end of the first phalanx
of digit III.
INNERVATION.--The compound nerve formed by the fusion of a branch of the
superficial peroneal nerve with a branch of the deep peroneal nerve
gives a twig to the proximal end of the muscle.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In some cases, the twig arises from the deep
peroneal branch alone (which is not joined by the superficial peroneal
nerve). The individual variation is insignificant in _T. cupido_ and _P.
p. jamesi_.
=_M. Extensor Proprius Digiti III_= (Not found by Hudson, _et al._),
Fig. 20N
_T. pallidicinctus_ and _T. cupido_
Absent in both species.
_P. p. jamesi_
This atypical muscle was found in only two legs (P.p. 1L and 4L). The
following description applies to P.p. 4L (Fig. 20N).
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Small but well developed; fleshy
part 1-1/2 × 13 mm.; proximal end narrower; on mid-anterior surface of
tarsometatarsus between Mm. extensor brevis digiti IV and extensor
hallucis longus and mostly proximal to M. extensor brevis digiti III;
tendinous distal part superficial to latter; fleshy belly ending
immediately distal to proximal end of latter.
ORIGIN.--The origin is fleshy from a narrow elongate area on the
mid-anterior surface of the tarsometatarsus between Mm. extensor brevis
digiti IV and extensor hallucis longus, beginning at the distal end
(bony) of the elongate accessory insertion of M. tibialis anticus. The
distal part of the belly is free.
INSERTION.--The attachment is by a thin, wide (relative to belly) tendon
to the superficial surface of M. extensor brevis digiti III.
INNERVATION.--Not found.
INDIVIDUAL VARIATION.--In P.p. 1L, the muscle is less well developed.
The fleshy belly is 1 × 5 mm. It arises from the lateral edge of M.
extensor hallucis longus. The extremely slender insertional tendon
attaches as above.
=_M. Extensor Brevis Digiti IV_=, Figs. 19E, 20N
_T. pallidicinctus_
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND RELATIONS.--Slender and tapering; on lateral
part of anterior surface of tarsometatarsus; length of belly variable;
middle of medial edge in contact with M. extensor hallucis longus.
ORIGIN.--The origin is fleshy from the lateral part of the anterior
surface of the tarsometatarsus, including the anterior metatarsal
groove.
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