Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)Holmes, E. Bruce
Science
Variation in the Muscles and Nerves of the Leg in Two Genera of Grouse (Tympanuchus and Pedioecetes)
Holmes, E. Bruce
Leg -- Innervation; Leg -- Muscles; Sharp-tailed grouse; Tympanuchus
Fisher (1946), studying vultures, reports the following: tibial
branches, in addition to the main sciatic branch, supplying M. extensor
iliofibularis (typically supplied by the peroneal nerve); an obturator
supply, in addition to the usual tibial supply, to M. flexor cruris
medialis; a tibial supply, in addition to the typical obturator supply,
to M. obturator pars postica; a possible obturator supply, in addition
to the typical femoral supply, to M. ambiens; a possible peroneal
supply, in addition to the typical tibial supply, to M. flexor digitorum
longus; and a peroneal supply to Mm. abductor digiti IV, flexor hallucis
brevis, and adductor digiti II (which are typically supplied by the
paraperoneal branch of the tibial nerve). Fisher's postfibular branch of
the peroneal nerve, which supplies the latter three muscles, apparently
represents the paraperoneal branch of the tibial nerve.
Carlsson (1884) did not find a femoral nerve supply for M. gluteus
profundus. He found an obturator supply, in addition to the usual
sciatic supply, to M. flexor ischiofemoralis in _Eudyptes chrysolopha_
and _Mergulus alle_ but not in the other two forms studied. He reported
a peroneal supply, rather than the expected tibial (paraperoneal)
supply, to Mm. abductor digiti IV and adductor digiti IV.
DeMan (1873) found a twig of the obturator nerve supplying M. flexor
ischiofemoralis, in addition to the typical innervation, in _Corvus
monedula_, but not in the few other forms studied. He did not
distinguish tibial and peroneal components in the thigh.
Wilcox (1948), studying a loon, did not find any peroneal supply to M.
extensor iliotibialis lateralis or to M. gluteus profundus. He found a
femoral, rather than a peroneal, supply to M. piriformis. He found an
obturator, instead of a tibial, supply to M. flexor ischiofemoralis. (In
some of my specimens I found a tiny blood vessel, appearing much like a
nerve, emerging from the obturator foramen and entering M. flexor
ischiofemoralis.) Wilcox reports an innervation of M. caudofemoralis
pars caudifemoralis from the pudendal plexus, in addition to the usual
sciatic one. Wilcox did not distinguish tibial and peroneal components
in the thigh. In the shank and foot he misidentified the peroneal nerve
as the tibial nerve and therefore gave erroneous innervations for all
the muscles supplied by this nerve, except for M. adductor digiti IV,
which actually should be supplied by the tibial nerve.
Howell (1938) studied only the hip and thigh musculature of the chicken.
He overlooked the femoral nerve supply for M. gluteus profundus.
Romer (1927) studied only the hip and thigh muscles of the chick. He did
not distinguish tibial and peroneal components in the thigh. He did not
mention any sciatic supply for M. gluteus profundus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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