Population, 26; density of, 109 Porlamar, 182, 183 Portuguesa chain, 31 Portuguesa, State of, 199, 210; population, &c., 272 Post Office, 252-254 Pregonero, 162 Press, 118 PRESTON, SIR AMYAS; takes Carácas, 77, 78 Protective duties, 144, 146, 250, 251 Puerto Cabello, 147, 148; and Valencia Railway, 147, 256; Meat Syndicate and, 247; population and climate, 281 Puerto San Juan, 188 Puerto Sucre, 185 Puerto Tablas, 213, 214 Puerto Villamizar, 154 Puinabi Indians, 125 Punceres, 188 Putucual; Lake of, 30 Q Quíbor, 176 Quichua Indians, 125 Quinine. _See_ Cinchona R Railways, 154, 158, 159, 255, 256, 266; Bibliography, 312-313 RALEIGH, SIR WALTER, 78, 79, 192 Raudales. _See_ Rapids Religions, 121, 129, 130, 131, 133, 208 Revolutions; of Gual and España, 80, 81; Wars of Independence, 82-94; internal, 95, 98-105 Rice, 220, 221 Rio Caribe, 189 Rio Chico, 143 Rio Negro, 233, 234 RIVAS, FRANCISCO ESTEBAN, 201 Roads, 137, 158, 159, 170, 172, 214, 246, 256-258, 266 “_Rocas pintadas_,” 63 RODRIGUEZ, CRISTOBAL, 197 RODRIGUEZ, SEÑORITA DOLORES, 291 ROJAS, DOÑA JUANA DE JESUS, 201 ROLANDO, GEN. A., 201 Rubber, 49, 50, 147, 220, 227, 229, 230, 249, 250 Rubio, 160, 161 S Saliba Indians, 125 Salón Elíptico, 139 Salt, 46, 150, 155, 185, 186, 244 San Antonio (Monágas), 187 San Antonio (Táchira), 161 San Carlos (Cojedes), 210; population and climate, 282 San Carlos (Rio Negro), 233 San Carlos (Zulia), 155 San Cristobal, 159, 160; population and climate, 281 San Felipe, 174; population and climate, 281 San Felix, 213, 214; massacre of, 90 San Fernando (de Apure), 199; population and climate, 282 San Fernando de Atabapo, 224; Population, 282 San Luis, 177 San Pedro (de Coche), 185 Santa Ana, 93, 169 Santa Barbara Railway, 154, 158, 256 “Santa Barbara,” Savannah, 234 Santa Rita, 154 Santa Teresa, 142 Sarrapia. _See_ Tonka-bean Sarsaparilla, 222 SCHRÖDER, MR. VICE-CONSUL (Maracaibo), 152 Seasons, 34-36 Seboruco, 163; copper of, 245 Segovia Highlands, 30, 31; rocks of (Segovia Group), 41. _See_ Falcón, Lara, &c. Sernambi, 250 Serrania Costanera, 29; Heights of, 282 Serrania Interior, 29; Heights of, 282 Shipping, 258-260 Sicapra, 218 Sierra Nevada of Mérida, 32; Heights of, 282. _See_ Mérida SIEVERS, DR. W., 41, 153 Silla Peak, La, 29; Height of, 282 Silver, 159 Sinamaica, 155 Sipapo River, 227, 228 Siquisique, 177 Slavery, abolition of, 99 SOTO, FRANCISCO DE, 70 SOUBLETTE, President, 98 SPEYER, GEORGE VON, 73 SPIRA, JORGE DE. _See_ SPEYER, GEORGE VON Starch. _See_ Manioc Stock-farming, 143, 150, 197, 198, 227, 232, 246, 247, 262 SUCRE, JOSÉ DE, 87, 185