Venoms: Venomous Animals and Antivenomous Serum-therapeuticsCalmette, A. (Albert)
Science
Venoms: Venomous Animals and Antivenomous Serum-therapeutics
Calmette, A. (Albert)
Antitoxins; Poisonous snakes; Toxins; Venom
"Shortly before 4 p.m. on November 17, 1901, Lance-Corporal G., Royal
Scots, was bitten on the right forefinger by a snake. On being brought
to hospital, Assistant-Surgeon Raymond tied a tight ligature round the
finger, scarified the wound, and applied a strong solution of calcium
chloride. On my arrival I found the patient apparently quite well, and
not at all alarmed. As I could get no information as to the nature of
the snake, I injected into the patient’s flank at 4.30 p.m. 3 c.c. of
Calmette’s serum, and sent for the snake, which was the property of one
of the men in barracks. The snake was brought to me just before 6 p.m.,
and I found it to be a cobra about 3½ feet long, of the pale-coloured
variety that natives call Brahmini cobra. I at once injected 7 c.c. of
Calmette’s serum into the other flank. The patient thus received one
full dose of serum. The ligature was removed from the finger, which was
swollen and very painful.
"Up to half an hour after the bite the patient, a healthy and powerful
man, presented no abnormal symptoms: pulse, respiration, pupils,
temperature, and general appearance, all were normal. His pulse and
respiration began to increase in frequency, and the pulse became very
compressible, but quite regular. After the first injection of serum
his temperature was 98° F., pulse full, high tension, regular, 88, and
respirations greatly increased in frequency. He now became very drowsy,
and had to be roused when the second injection of serum was given.
Soon after this the patient’s general condition and pulse improved....
He had complete loss of sensation in the bitten finger, in the part
terminal to the site of the puncture, for some days.... The injection
of Calmette’s serum gave rise to no local reaction, and caused no pain.
It did not affect the temperature, but was followed in half an hour by
perspiration, which was very profuse four hours after the injection....
The patient made a complete recovery.... The serum used in this case
was fresh, having been prepared at Lille in July, 1901.”
VIII.--Note of case treated by Major Rennie, R.A.M.C., transmitted by
M. Klobukowski, French Consul-General at Calcutta, September 5, 1899:--
“A remarkable cure effected by Major Rennie, by means of Calmette’s
method, has just taken place at Meerut. Since the introduction of this
remedy three years ago, its efficacy has been abundantly proved, but
the present case is especially interesting, since it seems to show
that the serum can be successfully employed even in cases apparently
desperate. The well-known symptoms of poisoning by cobra-venom were
already so advanced that the patient, who was insensible, was kept
alive by artificial respiration in order to give time for the serum to
be absorbed and to take effect.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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