Fig. 96.--_Lactrodectus mactans_ 275 Fig. 97.--_Scorpio occitanus_ 277 Fig. 98.--_Scolopendra morsitans_ 280 Fig. 99.--Poison-apparatus of the bee 281 Fig. 100.--Interior of the gorget of the Bee 282 Fig. 101.--_Synanceia brachio_ var. _Verrucosa_ 291 Fig. 102.--_Cottus scorpius_ (Sea Scorpion, or Father Lasher) 292 Fig. 103.--_Scorpæna grandicornis_ 293 Fig. 104.--_Scorpæna diabolus_ 294 Fig. 105.--_Pterois artemata_ 295 Fig. 106.--_Pelor filamentosum_ 296 Fig. 107.--_Trachinus vipera_ (Lesser Weever) 297 Fig. 108.--Operculum and opercular spine of the Lesser Weever 298 Fig. 109.--_Callionymus lyra_ (Dragonet) 300 Fig. 110.--_Batrachus grunniens_ 302 Fig. 111.--_Thalassophryne reticulata_ 302 Fig. 112.--_Lophius setigerus_ 303 Fig. 113.--_Serranus ouatabili_ 304 Fig. 114.--_Holacanthus imperator_ 305 Fig. 115.--_Tetrodon stellatus_ 306 Fig. 116.--_Tetrodon rubripes_ 306 Fig. 117.--_Chilomycterus orbicularis_ 307 Fig. 118.--_Chilomycterus tigrinus_ 307 Fig. 119.--_Silurus glanis_ 308 Fig. 120.--_Muræna moringa_ 310 Fig. 121.--_Salamandra maculosa_ (Spotted Salamander) 314 Fig. 122.--_Triton marmoratus_ (Marbled Newt) 314 Fig. 123.--_Cryptobranchus japonicus_ (Great Japanese Salamander) 315 Fig. 124.--_Heloderma horridum_ 322 Fig. 125.--_Ornithorhynchus paradoxus_ (Duck-billed Platypus) 324 VENOMS. PART I. CHAPTER I. _GENERAL NOTES ON POISONOUS ANIMALS--POISONOUS SNAKES: GENERAL CLASSIFICATION AND ANATOMO-PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERS._ I.--GENERAL NOTES ON POISONOUS ANIMALS. A large number of animals possess special glandular organs capable of secreting toxic substances called _venoms_.