Produced by Darleen Dove, Barbara Kosker and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) American Commonwealths. EDITED BY HORACE E. SCUDDER. [Illustration: (Map of) VERMONT TO ACCOMPANY ROWLAND E. ROBINSON'S VERMONT in AMERICAN COMMONWEALTHS THE MATTHEWS-NORTHRUP CO., BUFFALO, N. Y.] American Commonwealths VERMONT A STUDY OF INDEPENDENCE BY ROWLAND E. ROBINSON [Illustration] BOSTON AND NEW YORK HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY The Riverside Press, Cambridge 1892 Copyright, 1892, BY ROWLAND E. ROBINSON. _All rights reserved._ _The Riverside Press, Cambridge, Mass., U. S. A._ Electrotyped and Printed by H. O. Houghton & Co. CONTENTS. CHAPTER PAGE I. THE HIGHWAY OF WAR 1 II. THE WILDERNESS DURING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS 15 III. OCCUPATION AND SETTLEMENT 47 IV. THE NEW HAMPSHIRE GRANTS 57 V. THE GREEN MOUNTAIN BOYS 68 VI. THE WESTMINSTER MASSACRE 90 VII. TICONDEROGA 100 VIII. GREEN MOUNTAIN BOYS IN CANADA 115 IX. LAKE CHAMPLAIN 132 X. VERMONT AN INDEPENDENT COMMONWEALTH 139 XI. TICONDEROGA; HUBBARDTON 151 XII. BENNINGTON 165 XIII. SUBSEQUENT OPERATIONS OF VERMONT TROOPS 179 XIV. THE UNIONS 189 XV. THE HALDIMAND CORRESPONDENCE 203 XVI. UNIONS DISSOLVED 225 XVII. "THE REPUBLIC OF THE GREEN MOUNTAINS" 238 XVIII. THE NEW STATE 254 XIX. VERMONT IN THE WAR OF 1812 269 XX. OLD-TIME CUSTOMS AND INDUSTRIES 292 XXI. RELIGION, EDUCATION, AND TEMPERANCE 307 XXII. EMIGRATION 324 XXIII. "THE STAR THAT NEVER SETS" 333 XXIV. VERMONT IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION 340 XXV. THE VERMONT PEOPLE 354 INDEX 367 VERMONT. CHAPTER I. THE HIGHWAY OF WAR.