CAMPHORA--CAMPHOR--GUM CAMPHOR DERIVATION.--Camphor is obtained from a tree known as Laurel Camphor. The branches are cut and boiled in water and the camphor rises to the top in the form of gum. HABITAT.--Japan, China and Sunda Islands. PROPERTIES.--White translucent masses, of a tough consistence and a crystalline structure, readily pulverizable in the presence of a little alcohol ether or chloroform; having a penetrating characteristic odor, and a pungent aromatic taste. Very sparingly soluble in water, but readily soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, carbon disulphide, petroleum, benzine and in fixed and volatile oils. On exposure to the air, it evaporates more or less rapidly at ordinary temperatures, and when moderately heated, it sublimes without leaving a residue. DOSE.--Horses, 1 to 3 drs.; cattle, 2 to 4 drs.; sheep and pigs, 15 grs. to 1 dr.; dogs, 3 to 30 grs. PREPARATIONS AQUA CAMPHORAE--CAMPHOR WATER Tincture camphor 8, with alcohol 8 and purified talc 15; then with water to make 1000 filter. Camphor water has this advantage over camphor in substance, that the latter is with difficulty dissolved by liquids of the stomach; but it is too feeble a preparation for use when a decided effect is desired; it is, however, an excellent vehicle for the administration of more active substances. DOSE.--Ad lib. SPIRITUS CAMPHORAE--SPIRIT OF CAMPHOR Made by dissolving gum camphor, 100, in alcohol, 800; filter and add alcohol to make 1000. DOSE.--Horses and cattle, 1 to 2 oz.; sheep and pigs, 2 to 4 dr.; dogs, 30 grs. to 1 dr. Spirit of camphor is frequently prescribed in colic mixtures. LINIMENTUM CAMPHORAE--CAMPHOR LINIMENT--CAMPHORATED OIL Made by adding camphor, 200 parts to cottonseed oil, 800 parts. It is a mild rubefacient; is used in cough mixtures, also used locally in liniments. CERATUM CAMPHORAE--CAMPHOR CERATE Composed of camphor liniment, 100 parts, white wax 350 parts, white petrolatum 150 parts, lard 400 parts. For external use only. LINIMENTUM SAPONIS--SOAP LINIMENT Composed of soap 60 parts, camphor 45 parts, oil of rosemary 10 parts, alcohol 725 parts, water to make 1000 parts; for external use only, as a mild stimulating and anodyne liniment, usually combined with other medicines and used for its stimulating properties. CAMPHORA MONOBROMATA--MONOBROMATED CAMPHOR DERIVATION.--Made by heating camphor and bromine in the proper chemical proportions for three hours in a sealed tube, in a water bath. The crystalline masses washed with water, recrystallized from alcohol after treatment with animal charcoal, washed with an alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide, then with much water and finally recrystallized from a mixture of alcohol and ether. It is very easy to prepare the monobromide on a small scale in this way.