USES.--Internally used as emetic, antidote for phosphorus, atony of the bowels, diarrhoea, especially combined with dilute sulphuric acid opium; is supposed to prevent the development of farcy and glanders in exposed animals. Used externally as a caustic and stimulant; styptic, also used for foot-rot; for granular eyelids, touch lightly over the granular surface with the sulphate of copper. DIGITALIS--FOXGLOVE The dried leaves of Digitalis purpurea Linne (Fam. Scrophulariaceae), collected from plants of the second year’s growth, at the commencement of flowering. HABITAT.--Foxglove grows wild in the temperate parts of Europe, where it flowers in the middle of summer. In this country it is cultivated for ornamental and for medical use. PROPERTIES.--Foxglove is without odor in the recent state, but acquires a faint narcotic odor when dried. The color of the dried leaf is a dull pale green, modified by the whitish down upon the under surface; that of the powder is a fine deep green. CONSTITUENTS.--Digitalein, Digitonin, Digitalin and Digitoxin, the latter is most poisonous and active. Said to be cumulative. DOSE.--Digitalis leaves, horses, 15 gr. to 1 dr.; cattle, 30 gr to 1¹⁄₂ dr.; sheep and pigs, 5 to 15 gr.; dogs, ¹⁄₂ to 3 gr. ACTIVE PRINCIPLES.--Digitoxin--It occurs in crystals, soluble in alcohol and chloroform, slightly in ether, and insoluble in water; said to be cumulative. DOSE.--Horses and cattle, ¹⁄₈ to ¹⁄₄ gr.; dogs, ¹⁄₂₅₀ to ¹⁄₅₀ gr. Digitalein, an amorphous, bitter substance, soluble in water and alcohol and non-cumulative. DOSE.--Same as digitoxin. Digitalin, a very bitter, crystalline substance, soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in water and ether. DOSE.--Same as for digitoxin. Digitonin, resembling or identical with saponin of senega. White, amorphous powder, soluble in water. It is a heart depressant, muscular paralyzant and powerful irritant, besides being antagonistic to digitalis. In addition to these principles there are: Digitin, an inactive substance. Digitalic and antirrhinic acids. Tannin coloring matter, starch, sugar, gum, a volatile oil, salts, etc., common to most vegetables. PREPARATIONS EXTRACTUM DIGITALIS--EXTRACT OF DIGITALIS Made by maceration and percolation with alcohol and water; distillation of alcohol and evaporation to pilular substance. DOSE.--Horses and cattle, 5 to 10 gr.; sheep and pigs, ¹⁄₂ to 2 gr.; dogs, ¹⁄₈ to 1 gr. FLUIDEXTRACTUM DIGITALIS--FLUID EXTRACT OF DIGITALIS Prepared by maceration and percolation with alcohol and water, and evaporating so that 1 c. c. equals 1 gm. of the crude drug. DOSE.--Horses, 10 m. to 1 dr.; cattle, 30 m. to 1¹⁄₂ dr.; sheep and pigs, 5 to 15 m.; dogs, ¹⁄₂ to 2 m. TINCTURA DIGITALIS--TINCTURE OF DIGITALIS Composed of powdered digitalis 100 parts with sufficient alcohol and water to make 1000 parts. By maceration and percolation. DOSE.--Horses and cattle, 2 to 4 dr.; sheep and pigs, ¹⁄₂ to 1 dr.; dogs, 5 to 20 m.