The subtlety and variety of power displayed in the treatment of the chief character should be evident alike to those who look only on the upright side of it and those who can see only its more oblique aspect. The Cromwell of Hugo is as far from the faultless monster of Carlyle's creation and adoration as from the all but unredeemed villain of royalist and Hibernian tradition: he is a great and terrible poetic figure, imbued throughout with active life and harmonized throughout by imaginative intuition: a patriot and a tyrant, a dissembler and a believer, a practical humorist and a national hero. The famous preface in which the batteries of pseudo classic tradition were stormed and shattered at a charge has itself long since become a classic. That the greatest poet was also the greatest prose-writer of his generation there could no longer be any doubt among men of any intelligence: but not even yet was more than half the greatness of his multitudinous force revealed. Two years later, at the age of twenty-seven, he published the superb and entrancing _Orientales_: the most musical and many-colored volume of verse that ever had glorified the language. From _Le Feu du Ciel_ to _Sara la Baigneuse_, from the thunder-peals of exterminating judgment to the flute-notes of innocent girlish luxury in the sense of loveliness and life, the inexhaustible range of his triumph expands and culminates and extends. Shelley has left us no more exquisite and miraculous piece of lyrical craftsmanship than _Les Djinns_; none perhaps so rich in variety of modulation, so perfect in rise and growth and relapse and reiterance of music. Murs, ville, Et port, Asile De mort, Mer grise Où brise La brise, Tout dort. Dans la plaine Naît un bruit. C'est l'haleine De la nuit. Elle brame Comme une âme Qu'une flamme Toujours suit. Then the terrible music of the flight of evil spirits--"troupeau lourd et rapide"--grows as it were note by note and minute by minute up to its full height of tempest, and again relapses and recedes into the subsiding whisper of the corresponsive close. Ce bruit vague Qui s'endort, C'est la vague Sur le bord; C'est la plainte Presque éteinte D'une sainte Pour un mort. On doute La nuit... J'écoute:-- Tout fuit, Tout passe; L'espace Efface Le bruit. And here, like Shelley, was Hugo already the poet of freedom, a champion of the sacred right and the holy duty of resistance. The husk of a royalist education, the crust of reactionary misconceptions, had already begun to drop off; not yet a pure republican, he was now ripe to receive and to understand the doctrine of human right, the conception of the common weal, as distinguished from imaginary duties and opposed to hereditary claims.