Hugo, Victor, 1802-1885 -- Criticism and interpretation
as the sound of the strength of rollers after the noise of the rage of
breakers.
It is noticeable that the master of modern poets should have in the tone
and color of his genius more even of the Hebrew than the Greek. In his
love of light and freedom, reason and justice, he is not of Jerusalem,
but of Athens; but in the bent of his imagination, in the form and color
of his dreams, in the scope and sweep of his wide-winged spiritual
flight, he is nearer akin to the great insurgent prophets of deliverance
and restoration than to any poet of Athens except only their kinsman
Æschylus. It is almost wholly of the Persian war, the pass of
Thermopylae, the strait of Euripus, that he sings when he sings of
Hellas. All his might of hand, all his cunning of color, all his
measureless resources of sound and form and symbol, are put forth in the
catalogue of nations and warriors subject to Xerxes. There is nothing in
poetry so vast and tremendous of its kind as this pageant of immense and
monstrous invasion. But indeed the choice of gigantic themes, the
predominance of colossal effects, the prevalence of superhuman visions
over the types and figures of human history or legend, may be regarded
as a distinctive point of difference between the second and the first
series. A typical example of the second is the poem which has added an
eighth wonder built by music to the seven wonders of the world, which it
celebrates in verse more surely wrought for immortality than they.
Another is the song of the worm which takes up in answer to their chant
of life and light and pride of place, and prolongs through measure after
measure of rolling and reverberating verse, the note of a funereal and
universal triumph, the protest and the proclamation of death. Another,
attuned to that mighty music of meditation which rings through so many
of the poems written in exile and loneliness, is the stately prophetic
hymn which bears the superscription of _All the Past and all the
Future._ This might seem to belong to the sixth book of the
_Contemplations_, in which the same note of proud and ardent faith was
struck so often with such sovereignty of hand. As much might be said of
the great "abysmal" poem which closes the second series with a symphony
of worlds and spirits. Other groups of poems, in like manner, bear signs
of common or of diverse kinship to former works of a creator whose
spirit has put life into so many of the same likeness, yet with no more
sign of repetition or weary monotony than is traceable in the very
handiwork of nature. The book of idyls is of one inspiration with the
_Chansons des Rues et des Bois_; in both cases, as in so many of the
poet's earlier lyric volumes, his incomparable fertility of speech and
superb facility of verse leave almost an impression as of work done by
way of exercise, as though he were writing to keep his hand in, or to
show for a wager with incredulous criticism how long he could keep up
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