English poetry -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Great Britain -- History -- Victoria, 1837-1901
another in English poetry before them. Their technical invention was
mostly rediscovery, though none the less creditable to them for that.
Their rediscovery was of something so forgotten that they might claim
that it was new, but, however that may be, there has been nothing new
since them in the strictly formal contour of English verse. What has
been new, and what must always be new when a true poet is at work, is
the rhythmic beat within that contour, and the genius of our language
is happily such as to give this beat boundless freedom. Among our
contemporaries no one has achieved a technique more distinctively his
own, perhaps, than Mr. Walter de la Mare, but upon examination it will
be found that this distinctiveness is entirely one of his rhythmic
beat, and that there is no invention of metrical form.
“Is there anybody there?” said the Traveller,
Knocking on the moonlit door;
is peculiarly marked by Mr. de la Mare’s rhythmic genius; but alter the
beat a little and you get--
And they changed their lives and departed, and came
back as the leaves of the trees.
And again, to go back beyond Morris, we come even to--
What are the wild waves saying,
Sister, the whole day long.
Leaving out the question of the stanzaic form and line lengths, and
the way these are set out on the printed page, there is in these three
examples an almost exact stress-equivalence, but each has its own
entirely individual rhythmic life; rather commonplace and obvious in
the last of the three, deep-lunged and heroic in Morris, and very
delicate and subtle in Mr. de la Mare.
It is true that now and again a poet even to-day may contrive charming
variations upon stanzaic form, as Tennyson did in his _Recollections
of the Arabian Nights_, or as Mr. Thomas Hardy has done more
recently in many of his lyrics. Every now and again also a poet
may invent some attractive little device of his own in the smaller
things of technique, as, for example, Mr. Frank Kendon, a new poet
who makes an interesting experiment with rhyme-sounds thus--musing,
mind, attuned, despising. But there is no particular virtue in these
gestures once their novelty has passed, and the fact remains that from
the coming of Wordsworth until all our best contemporary poets, by
far the greater part of the most original work, and important work,
has been done in recognised verse forms, and it has relied for its
personal accent upon an individual rhythmic beat within those forms.
The domination of the rhymed heroic couplet in the age preceding
Wordsworth was so complete as to make the return to other more
definitely lyric measures almost a feat of invention, but, even so,
it is doubtful whether there is any verse form used by Wordsworth or
Blake or Shelley or Keats, or any of their contemporaries, which could
not in its essential character be matched somewhere in the sixteenth or
seventeenth centuries.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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