Visual Illusions: Their Causes, Characteristics and Applications — John Shaqi
Visual Illusions: Their Causes, Characteristics and ApplicationsLuckiesh, Matthew
Science
Visual Illusions: Their Causes, Characteristics and Applications
Luckiesh, Matthew
Optical illusions
Stereoscopic images such as represented in Fig. 2 may be combined without
the aid of the stereoscope if the optical axes of the eye can be
sufficiently converged or diverged. Such images or pictures are usually
upon a card and are intended to be combined beyond the plane of the card,
for it is in this position that the object or scene can be perceived in
natural perspective, of natural size, of natural form, and at natural
distance. But in combining them the eyes are looking at a distant object
and the axes are parallel or nearly so. Therefore, the eyes are focally
adjusted for a distant object but the light comes from a very near
object--the pictures on the card. Myopic eyes do not experience this
difficulty and it appears that normal vision may be trained to overcome
it. Normal eyes are aided by using slightly convex lenses. Such glasses
supplement the lenses of the eye, making possible a clear vision of a near
object while the eyes are really looking far away or, in other words,
making possible a clear image of a near object upon the retina of the
unadjusted eye. Stereoscopic pictures are usually so mounted that
"identical points" on the two pictures are farther apart than the
interocular distance and therefore the two images cannot be combined when
the optical axes of the eyes are parallel or nearly so, which is the
condition when looking at a distant object. In such a case the two
pictures must be brought closer together.
[Illustration: Fig. 2.--Stereoscopic pictures for combining by converging
or diverging the optical axes.]
[Illustration: Fig. 3.--Stereoscopic pictures.]
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