Voyage to the East IndiesPaulinus, a S. Bartholomaeo
History
Voyage to the East Indies
Paulinus, a S. Bartholomaeo
India -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800
6. _Never to leave one’s tribe (cast)._--This the Indians consider as
one of the greatest crimes they can commit. A _Giadibrshda_, that is,
a man unfaithful to his cast, is exposed to the greatest persecution
from all the members of it, and never is left at peace till he again
unites himself to it. On his re-admission he is obliged to drink
the so called _Panciadevya_, a peculiar kind of beverage, which
consists of cream, sour milk, liquid butter, cow’s hair, and cow-dung
dissolved in cow’s urine. By this, however, he is not fully freed
from his sin, but must spend a whole month in a sequestered hut; and
that he may have no pretence for leaving it, the necessary food is
carried to him daily till the time of his penance and purification
is expired. At _Tiruvandaburam_ I once saw a woman, of the cast of
the _Shudras_, who was subjected to this kind of life. It may be
readily perceived, that the object of this regulation is to prevent
the Pagans from embracing any other religion than their own, and to
preserve the respectability of the cast.
7. _To destroy no public edifice or construction._--Under these
are understood temples, the ponds in which the Indians perform
their ablutions, royal palaces, and, in particular, the _madam_,
_ambalam_, or inns erected on the public roads for the accommodation
of strangers, and which I have before described. It deserves here to
be remarked, that people pay nothing for the good entertainment which
they there receive. In these inns those philosophers known under the
names of _Yogui_ and _Gosuami_, and by some called very improperly
_Fakirs_, who subject themselves to the severest penances, are
treated at the king’s expence, though this is done sometimes in some
neighbouring temple. They eat nothing but rice, fruits, and herbs.
8. _To adulterate neither gold nor silver, nor any kind of coin._
9. _Not to be a tyrant or despot, or a cruel and unmerciful tormentor
of mankind._--This law, introduced by the ancient philosophers and
magi, was the strongest support of monarchical government, and
ensured duration to the different states of India; but as soon as the
princes who ruled over _Carnate_, _Maïssur_, _Madura_ and _Concao_
began to abuse their power, and to suffer their ministers to oppress
their subjects, that unwise conduct gave the first occasion to
revolutions. Hence it happened that these people, who had been long
tired of the galling yoke of their sovereigns, though they did not
wish to rise up in rebellion against them, received with open arms
the foreign conquerors who entered the country; and by these means
their imprudent rulers lost their thrones, and at the same time all
their influence.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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