the great Mogul; but the English, who lived in a state of hostility with the Marattas, interested themselves for the nabob of _Arrucate_, who had rebelled against the great Mogul, and with whom they were besides in alliance. A bloody war ensued, during which the English and French, together with their different allies, fought more than fifteen battles in the kingdom of _Carnada_; and the contest was continued, with various success, till _Carnada_ at length came under the dominion of the nabob of _Arrucate_ and the English, the latter of whom are now in possession of _Puduceri_, the capital of the French colonies in India. They made a conquest of it since the commencement of the French revolution; and as the English at present have great power in India, this city is not likely to fall again into the hands of the French, unless it be restored on the conclusion of a peace. The missionary establishment in _Carnada_, which was entrusted to French Jesuits, can boast of a great many celebrated men. It commences in the west at the mountains of _Maïssur_, which separate this province from _Carnada_; extends thence towards the east along the rivers _Vellaru_ and _Paler_, and comprehends the whole kingdom. The principal places where the Jesuits resided, were: _Puduceri_, _Gingi_, _Vencàttiguiri_, and _Arrucate_. The most considerable congregations, which they formed in the kingdom of _Madura_, were at _Madura_, _Tindacalla_, _Aur_, _Ilpiur_, _Puradacudi_, _Ayambel_, and _Conacupam_. In Tanjaur they had congregations of the like kind at _Varugapattì_, _Sirgani_, _Tanjaur_, _Suran_, _Camanaichenpatti_, and _Tirnaveli_. Monseigneur Dolicha, the apostolic vicar, resides sometimes at _Puduceri_, sometimes at _Ariancopan_, and belongs to the _Corps des Missions étrangeres_ at Paris. The Portuguese bishop at _Maïlapuri_ pretends to act as superintendant of all these congregations, which were formed neither by him, nor any other Portuguese; and though he is expressly forbidden by the Pope to exercise his spiritual jurisdiction in places which are not under the dominion of Portugal[43]. Since the destruction of the order of the Jesuits, many of these congregations have fallen into decline, because they were destitute of proper pastors. Some of them, however, still exist; and the bishop of _Maïlapuri_ furnishes them with priests, natives of India, sent from Goa to discharge the sacerdotal functions: but these men can never be so useful as Europeans, because they are not much respected by the heathens, and have too little learning to support the reputation of a Christian congregation, while surrounded by Pagans and Mahometans. In my time there were reckoned to be in _Madura_ eighteen thousand Christians; in _Carnada_, twenty thousand; and in _Tanjaur_, ten thousand: whereas the Danish missionaries at _Torangapuri_, or _Tranquebar_, with all their exertion could scarcely muster a thousand Lutheran Christians, as