Voyages of Samuel De Champlain — Volume 01Champlain, Samuel de
History
Voyages of Samuel De Champlain — Volume 01
Champlain, Samuel de
America -- Discovery and exploration -- French; Indians of North America -- Canada; New France -- Discovery and exploration
"Kind of fruit resembling chestnuts." This was probably the chestnut,
_Caftanea Americana_. The fruit much resembles the European, but is
smaller and sweeter.
Cherries, _cerises_. Three kinds may here be included, the wild red
cherry, _Prunus Pennsylvanica_, the choke cherry. _Prunus Virginiana_,
and the wild black cherry, _Prunus serotina_.
Oaks, _chesnes_. Probably the more noticeable varieties, as the white
oak, _Quercus alba_, and red oak, Quercus _rubra_.
Aspens, _trembles_. The American aspen, _Populus tremuloides_.
Poplar, _pible_. For _piboule_, as suggested by Laverdière. a variety
of poplar.
Hops, _houblon_. _Humulus lupulus_, found in northern climates,
differing from the hop of commerce, which was imported from Europe.
Ash. _fresne_. The white ash, _Fraxinus Americana_, and black ash,
_Fraxinus sambucifolia_.
Maple, _érable_. The tree here observed was probably the rock or sugar
maple, _Acer faccharinum_. Several other species belong to this
region.
Beech, _hestre_. The American beech, _Fagus ferruginea_, of which
there is but one species.--_Vide_, Vol. II. p. 113, note 205.
Cypress, _cyprez_.--_Vide antea_ note 35.
Strawberry, _fraises_. The wild strawberry, _Fragaria vesca_, and
_Fragaria Virginiana_, both species, are found in this region.--_Vide_
Pickering's _Chronological History of Plants_, p. 873.
Raspberries _framboises_. The American raspberry, _Rubis strigosus_.
Currants, red, green, and blue, _groizelles rouges, vertes and
bleues_. The first mentioned is undoubtedly the red currant of our
gardens. _Ribes rubrum_. The second may have been the unripe fruit of
the former. The third doubtless the black currant, _Ribes nigrum_,
which grows throughout Canada.--_Vide Chronological History of
Plants_, Pickering. p. 871; also Vol. II. note 138.
_Orignas_, so written in the original text. This is, I think, the
earliest mention of this animal under this Algonquin name. It was
written, by the French, sometimes _orignac, orignat_, and
_orignal_.--_Vide Jesuit Relations_, 1635, p. 16; 1636, p. 11, _et
passim_; Sagard, _Hist. du Canada_, 1636, p. 749; _Description de
l'Amerique_, par Denys. 1672, p. 27. _Orignac_ was used
interchangeably with _élan_, the name of the elk of northern Europe,
regarded by some as the same spccies.--_Vide Mammals_, by Spenser F.
Baird. But the _orignac_ of Champlain was the moose. _Alce
Americanus_, peculiar to the northern latitudes of America. Moose is
derived from the Indian word _moosoa_. This animal is the largest of
the _Cervus_ family. The males are said to attain the weight of eleven
or twelve hundred pounds. Its horns sometimes weigh fifty or sixty
pounds. It is exceedingly shy and difficult to capture.
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