7. _Cerfs, Daims, Cheureuls, Caribous_. Champlain employs the names of the different species of the Cerf family as used in Europe; but as our species are different, this use of names creates some confusion. There were in Canada, the moose, the caribou, the wapiti, and the common red deer. Any enumeration by the early writers must include these, under whatever names they may be described. One will be found applying a name to a given species, while another will apply the same name to quite a different species. Charlevoix mentions the orignal (moose) caribou, the hart, and the roebuck. Under the name _hart_, he probably refers to the wapiti, _elaphus Canadensis_, and _roe-buck_, to the common red deer, _Cervus Virginianus_. _Vide Charlevoix's Letters to the Dutchess of Lesdiguieres_, 1763, pp. 64-69, also Vol. I. of this work, p. 265. 8. Lynxes, _Loups-serviers_. The compound word _loup-cervier_ was significant, and was applied originally to the animal of which the stag was its natural prey, _qui attaque les cerfs_. In Europe it described the lynx, a large powerful animal of the feline race, that might well venture to attack the stag. But in Canada this species is not found. What is known as the Canadian lynx, _Felis Canadensis_, is only a large species of cat, which preys upon birds and the smaller quadrupeds. Champlain probably gives it the name _loup-servier_ for the want of one more appropriate. It is a little remarkable that he does not in this list mention the American wolf, _Lupus occidentalis_, so common in every part of Canada, and which he subsequently refers to as the animal especially dreaded by the deer. _Vide postea_, pp. 139, 157. 9. The site of Place Royale was on Point Callieres, so named in honor of Chevalier Louis Hector de Callieres Bonnevue, governor of Montreal in 1684. 10. It seems most likely that the name of this island was suggested by the marriage which Champlain had contracted with Helene Boulle, the year before. This name had been given to several other places. _Vide_ Vol. I. pp. 104, 105. 11. _Vide_ Vol. I. p. 268, note 191. _Walker and Miles's Atlas_, map 186. 12. The Lake of the Two Mountains. _Vide antea_, note 4. 13. On Champlain's local map of the Falls of St. Louis, the letter Q is wanting; but the expression, _ceste isle est au milieu du faut_, in the middle of the fall, as suggested by Laverdiere, indicates that the island designated by the letter R is Heron Island. _Vide postea_, R on map at p. 18. 14. _Grand Tibie_, so in the original. This is a typographical error for _grand terre_. _Vide_ Champlain, 1632, Quebec ed., p. 842.