Each kindred group had a certain holding of land. This holding was
called a _Gwely_. It was the common possession of the whole tribe,
who held it jointly as far as the great-grandchildren of the common
ancestor, after the death of whom a complicated system of division
would again begin. On his coming of age every member of the tribe
was allotted a portion of the land to till; and he also became the
possessor of certain rights in the common or waste land of the tribe,
as well as the possessor of a certain number of cattle. Needless to
say, since the land belonged to the tribe, it could not be alienated
by individuals. But side by side with tribal property went private
property even in land; and all such property could be alienated
freely.
The position of women, on the whole, appears to have been a
favourable one. Up {53} to the age of twelve the young girl lived
with her parents, but after that she was deemed of age, and became
entitled to a share of the property of her kindred. She was then
free to bestow herself in marriage. A marriage was usually made by
solemn plight of faith, together with a religious ceremony; but any
proof of an intention to live together was considered sufficient.
And just as the making of a marriage was a very simple matter, so
also was the dissolution of one. Husband and wife could separate at
any moment, and the subsequent marriage of either operated as a
divorce. The wife brought certain dower to her husband, and the
rules affecting such dower are laid down with meticulous care in the
Laws of Howel.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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