Walks in RomeHare, Augustus J. C. (Augustus John Cuthbert)
History
Walks in Rome
Hare, Augustus J. C. (Augustus John Cuthbert)
Rome (Italy) -- Description and travel
"The allegory of a ship is peculiarly dwelt upon by the ancient
Fathers. A ship entering the port was a favourite heathen emblem of
the close of life. But the Christian idea, and its elevation from
individual to universal or catholic humanity, is derived directly
from the Bible,--see, for instance, I Peter iii. 20, 21. 'Without
doubt,' says St. Augustine, 'the ark is the figure of the city of
God pilgrimising in this world, in other words, of the Church,
which is saved by the wood on which hung the mediator between God
and man, the man Christ Jesus.' The same interpretation was
recognised in the Latin Church in the days of Tertullian and St.
Cyprian, &c. The bark of St. Peter is similarly represented on a
Greek gem, found in the Catacombs, as sailing on a fish, probably
Leviathan or Satan, while doves, emblematical of the faithful,
perch on the mast and stern,--two Apostles row, a third lifts up
his hands in prayer, and our Saviour, approaching the vessel,
supports Peter by the hand when about to sink.... But the allegory
of the ship is carried out to its fullest extent in the
fifty-seventh chapter of the second book of the 'Apostolical
Constitutions,' supposed to have been compiled in the name of the
Apostles, in the fourth century."--_Lord Lindsay's Christian Art_,
i. 18.
On the right is (first) the gateway of the deserted convent of
Redemptorists, called _S. Tommaso in Formis_, which was founded by S.
Giovanni de Matha, who, when celebrating his first mass at Paris, beheld
in a vision, an angel robed in white, with a red and blue cross upon his
breast, and his hands resting in benediction upon the heads of two
captives,--a white and a black man. The bishop of Paris sent him to Rome
to seek explanation from Innocent III., who was celebrated as an
interpreter of dreams,--his foundation of the Franciscan order having
resulted from one which befell him. S. Giovanni was accompanied to the
pope by another hermit, Felix de Valois. They found that Innocent had
himself seen the same vision of the angel between the two captives while
celebrating mass at the Lateran, and he interpreted it as inculcating
the duty of charity towards Christian slaves, for which purpose he
founded the Trinitarians, since called Redemptorists. The story of the
double vision is commemorated in a _Mosaic_, erected above the door,
A.D. 1260, and bearing the name of the artist, Jacobus Cosmati.
The next gate beyond the church is that of the _Villa Mattei_, the
garden of the Redemptorists. (The villa is now the property of Baron
Richard Hoffmann: visitors are generally admitted upon writing down
their names at the gate.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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