Civilization, Medieval; Culture; Progress; Social history
that is possible is produced within the town itself, and either by
individual craftsmen or, where bulk products are necessary, in the
workshops maintained by the community under the charge of a special and
salaried group of officials.
The specialization and localizing of industries and the division of
labour were two of the causes of industrial civilization--and still
are in “the world without.” That one town or district should be given
over to the weaving of cotton or the spinning of wool; that shoes
should chiefly be produced in Lynn, furniture in Grand Rapids, glass in
Pittsburgh, beer in Milwaukee, hams in Chicago; that from all over a
vast district the raw material of manufacture should be transported for
hundreds, perhaps thousands of miles, to various howling wildernesses
of highly specialized factories, only to be shipped back again after
fabrication to be used or consumed by many of the original producers,
was and is one of the preposterous absurdities of an industrial system
supported on some of the most appalling sophistry that ever issued out
of the Adullamite caves of political economy.
In the Walled Towns all this is changed. In the first place no man is a
free burgess unless he is a land-holder, and the minimum is garden land
sufficient to supply all the needs of his family that can be satisfied
from this source; the maximum is that amount of farm land that he
can maintain at a minimum standard of productivity. So far as I know
every family also keeps as many cows and poultry as will furnish the
normal requirements in the shape of dairy products, eggs, and fowl for
eating. The farms, which lie outside the walls and quite surround the
town, do more than this, and much produce finds its way to the communal
dairy, which is used for the production of butter and cheese for the
townspeople, and also for sale outside the walls. As each town has its
own special products, maintained always at the highest standard, the
market never fails.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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