When using Paris green as a powder it is advisable to dilute it with from twenty-five to fifty times its bulk of air-slaked lime. This acts as a carrier and renders it possible to distribute the poison more economically and effectively. It is inadvisable to use these poisons, Paris green and arsenate of lead, on heading cabbages or vegetables that are shortly to be eaten, as there is some danger of poisoning the consumers. _Pyrethrum Powder_ 1 oz. pyrethrum to 2 gal. of water Can also be applied as a powder. It is a good insecticide for use on vegetables that are shortly to be eaten, as there is no danger of poisoning human beings by its use. Can also be used as a contact spray. _Hellebore Powder_ 2 oz. hellebore to 1 gal. of water The hellebore should first be boiled in water and then diluted to make one gallon. It is very similar in its action to pyrethrum. CONTACT INSECTICIDES FOR SUCKING INSECTS _Soap Solution_ 2 oz. laundry soap to 1 gal. of water _Nicotine Solution_ ½ oz. 40% nicotine } and } to 3 gal. of water 1 oz. soap } The soap is added to this solution to assist in spreading the mixture and to make it come in close contact with the insects. _Resin Fish-oil Soap_ Is recommended by U. S. Department of Agriculture to be added to contact sprays and fungicides, to act as a “sticker” when they are to be used on crops with smooth leaves to which the spray will not stick. Use two ounces to three gallons of spray mixture. POISON BAIT FOR CUTWORMS 3 lbs. wheat bran 2 oz. white arsenic or powdered lead arsenate ½ pint cheap molasses Mix all together and add enough water to make a mash that will stick together. This is very poisonous and extreme care must be exercised in its use. XII PLANT DISEASES Most of our vegetable crops are subject to attack by fungus or bacterial parasites which cause disease. Preventive measures are the most important in combating ills of this nature. These may consist of providing unfavorable soil conditions for the disease, as in the case of cabbage clubroot, or disinfection of the “seed” as practised for the control of scab of potatoes. Other measures are: the application of protective sprays, which kill the spores of disease organisms when they germinate; rotation of crops; planting disease-resistant varieties; and the avoidance of material carrying spores of disease, such as manure containing parts of diseased plants.