Dr. PERRY. I couldn't state with certainty, due to the fact that they were covered by blood and I did not make a minute examination. I determined only the fact that there was a wound there, roughly 5 mm. in size or so. Mr. SPECTER. Have you now described it as precisely as you can; that wound? Dr. PERRY. I think so. Mr. SPECTER. What else, if anything, did you observe as to the condition of the President? Dr. PERRY. Spasmodic respiratory efforts were obvious, but I did not detect a pulse nor a heart beat on a very rapid examination. It was apparent that respirations were ineffective, even with the use of the endotracheal tube and oxygen. At that point I asked Dr. Carrico if this was a wound in his neck or had he begun the tracheotomy, and he said it was a wound and I, at that point, asked someone to get me a tracheotomy tray, and put on some gloves and initiated the procedure. Mr. SPECTER. Now, have you described everything that you can recollect about your observations of the President before you started to work on him? Dr. PERRY. There was no evidence to that cursory examination of any other wound. I did not move the President. I did not turn him over. Mr. SPECTER. Why did you not turn him over? Dr. PERRY. At that point it was necessary to attend to the emergent procedure and a satisfactory effective airway is uppermost in such a condition. If you are unable to obtain an effective airway, then the other procedures are to be of no avail. Mr. SPECTER. Well, on the subject of turning him over, did you ever turn him over? Dr. PERRY. I did not. Mr. SPECTER. Why didn't you turn him over after you had taken the initial action on him? Dr. PERRY. After the tracheotomy tube was in place and we were breathing for him, Dr. Clark and I had begun external cardiac massage, since we had been unable to detect a heart beat, blood pressure, or pulse. I continued with the cardiac massage while Dr. Clark examined the head wound, and he and Dr. Jenkins conferred in regard to the electrocardiogram. It was determined that none of the resuscitative measures were effective and the procedures were then abandoned. I had no further business in the room at that point, and I left the room momentarily. I returned within a minute or so, because I had left my coat where I dropped it and asked one of the nurses to hand me my coat, and I left the room and went to the operating suite from there. Mr. SPECTER. And did that conclude your participation in the treatment of President Kennedy? Dr. PERRY. It did. Mr. SPECTER. What is your best estimate as to the time you arrived in the Emergency Room? Dr. PERRY. I really don't know the time. It was about 12:30 or so when I was eating and the call must have come thereabouts, and I didn't look at my watch at that time, nor did I have an opportunity to look at it again until after I had left the room.