Dr. JONES. We felt that he was in extreme shock, merely by the fact that there was no motion, that he was somewhat cyanotic, his eyes were--appeared to be fixed; there was no evidence of motion of the eyes; and we noticed that he did not have a satisfactory airway or was not breathing on his own in a satisfactory way to sustain life so that we felt that either an endotracheal tube had to be instituted immediately, which was done by Dr. Carrico. We felt that this was not adequate and since tracheotomy equipment was in the room, we felt that he would profit more by tracheotomy and that we could be certain that he was getting adequate oxygen. Mr. SPECTER. What was done with respect to applying oxygen to the President then? Dr. JONES. Well, a tracheotomy was done, and then an adapter was fitted to this tube, and we had an anesthesia machine there by this time with Dr. Jenkins available so that he could give him straight oxygen from the machine. Mr. SPECTER. Did you observe anything else with respect to the President's condition at that time? Dr. JONES. You mean as far as wounds--that he had? Mr. SPECTER. Did you observe any wounds? Dr. JONES. As we saw him the first time, we noticed that he had a small wound at the midline of the neck, just above the suprasternal notch, and this was probably no greater than a quarter of an inch in greatest diameter, and that he had a large wound in the right posterior side of the head. Mr. SPECTER. When you say "we noticed," whom do you mean by that? Dr. JONES. Well, Dr. Perry and I were the two that were there at this time observing. Mr. SPECTER. Did Dr. Perry make any comment about the nature of the wound at that time? Either wound? Dr. JONES. Not that I recall. Mr. SPECTER. Will you describe as precisely as you can the nature of the head wound? Dr. JONES. There was large defect in the back side of the head as the President lay on the cart with what appeared to be some brain hanging out of this wound with multiple pieces of skull noted next with the brain and with a tremendous amount of clot and blood. Mr. SPECTER. Will you describe as precisely as you can the wound that you observed in the throat? Dr. JONES. The wound in the throat was probably no larger than a quarter of an inch in diameter. There appeared to be no powder burn present, although this could have been masked by the amount of blood that was on the head and neck, although there was no obvious amount of powder present. There appeared to be a very minimal amount of disruption of interruption of the surrounding skin. There appeared to be relatively smooth edges around the wound, and if this occurred as a result of a missile, you would have probably thought it was a missile of very low velocity and probably could have been compatible with a bone fragment of either--probably exiting from the neck, but it was a very small, smooth wound. Mr. SPECTER. Did you notice any lump in the throat area? Dr. JONES. No; I didn't.