Mr. BELIN. I am going to ask you both to stand up. Would you raise your right hand. Mrs. Gravitis and Mr. Ilya Mamantov, do you solemnly swear, Mrs. Gravitis that the testimony you are about to give, and Mr. Mamantov, the translation that you are about to give, will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Yes. Mr. MAMANTOV. Yes. Mr. BELIN. Your name is Mrs. Dorothy Gravitis? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Yes. Mr. BELIN. Where do you live? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Today? Mr. BELIN. Now. Mrs. GRAVITIS. Richardson, Tex., 2444 Fairway Circle (AD 5-2873). Mr. BELIN. Is that a suburb of Dallas? Mrs. GRAVITIS. That's correct. Mr. BELIN. Mrs. Gravitis, is your daughter married to Mr. Mamantov? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Yes. Mr. BELIN. Where were you born? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Latvia. Mr. BELIN. May I ask approximately how old you are? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Seventy-four years old. Mr. BELIN. Did you live in Latvia all your life before coming to America? Mrs. GRAVITIS. First Latvia was independent. It was part of Russia. I was born in Latvian territory, which was at that time Russia. I was educated in Russia, in Moscow. I was teaching in the Russian territory, and after that in Latvian territory, before Latvia became independent, in Ventspils, the name of the city where I was teaching in Latvia. Mr. BELIN. Latvia became independent in 1918? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Yes. Mr. BELIN. And remained independent until Russia annexed these three Baltic countries around 1939, or so? Mrs. GRAVITIS. 1940. In 1913, I got married. Mr. MAMANTOV. Do you need a very detailed story on her life? Mr. BELIN. No. Mrs. GRAVITIS [through interpreter]. I lived until 1950 in Ventspils, and then I and my husband were evacuated to St. Petersburg or Petrograd at that time. This was in 1915. Mr. BELIN. Now it is Leningrad? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Leningrad. Mr. BELIN. Let me ask you this. Did you stay in either Russia or Latvia from that time on until after--for how long? Mrs. GRAVITIS. From 1915 to 1919, in Petrograd. Then in 1919 I and my daughter came to Latvia. My husband remained in Petrograd. They didn't let him out. Mr. BELIN. From 1919 onward, where did you live? Mrs. GRAVITIS. From that time until 1940, I lived and worked as a teacher in Latvia. Mr. BELIN. Where did you teach? Mrs. GRAVITIS. I taught mathematics, approximately the equivalent to junior high, and the Russian language. Mr. BELIN. Did you work for the State or for a private school? Mrs. GRAVITIS. State school. Mr. BELIN. From 1940, where did you live and what did you do? Mrs. GRAVITIS. At that time it became the Soviet Union, part of the Soviet Union, and I lived in the same spot in Latvia. Mr. BELIN. Do you know the city? Mrs. GRAVITIS. Zilupe, which is about half a mile from the Russian border. Mr. BELIN. How long did you stay there? From 1940 on? Mrs. GRAVITIS. All the time. Mr. BELIN. Until when?