Citadel, central armoured, 178 Citadel-ships (_see_ Floating Batteries), 109, 119 Classifications, 57, 59, 62 Coal supply for warships, 181, 183, 185 Coast defence ships, 161, 182 Cochrane, Admiral, and Chili, 88 “Cogs,” 43 Coles, Capt., 146, 150, 160-1 Combination of central battery and barbettes or turrets, 174 Commerce destroyers, 256 Complete protective steel deck, 258 Composite vessels, 185 Conning towers, 166 Contest between guns and armour, 283 Copper: fastenings, 62; sheathing, 256 Coracles, 15 Cordite, 273 Corvettes, 256 Cost of warships: Queen Elizabeth’s time, 57; present day, 250, 251 Crimean campaign, 104, 114, 115 Cruisers: Classified, 255; duties of, 253; last British with square sails, 254; retention of sails advocated, 254; cruiser-battleships, 254, 255, 261, 262; in Russo-Japanese War, 254; great speed of _Dreadnought_-cruiser, 255; steel and iron, wood sheathed, 257; first protected cruiser, 208, 258; armoured cruisers, 258, 260, 261; protected cruiser preferred by Admiralty, 258; protected cruisers, 259; armoured replace protected cruisers, 260; “Town” class, 261; cruisers developed from battleships, 261; belted cruisers, 261; powerful Japanese, 263; fast German, 253 Crusades, 20 Culverins and demi-culverins, 74 Cupola ship, 194 Danes, 16 Decked Western vessel (first), 18 Decks: nickel steel, 260; plated, 164, 165; protective, 146, 164 Denmark introduces turret system, 151 Denny (Dumbarton), 310 Depressible guns, 84 Destroyers, 285; why necessary, 305; requirements, 306; earliest British, 306; famous builders, 306; increasing speed, 306; first turbine destroyer, 308; coastal destroyers, 308; for Australian Commonwealth, 310; fighting and sea-going qualities, 310; fuel consumption and range of action, 310; British and German rival types, 310-1 Ditchburn and Mare, 94, 99, 118 “Double-built” ship, 54 Double canoes, 24, 29 Double turret and central battery combined, 244 _Dreadnought_: Why designed, 240; revised gun arrangements, 245; forerunners of, 251; hitting power at long range, 252; _Dreadnought_ cruisers, 262; how all big gun one-calibre ships came about, 312; secrecy as to the _Dreadnought_, 313; fighting value compared with other types, 313; absence of secondary armament, 314; official description, 314-5-6; turbines, 316; radius of action, 316; officers’ quarters forward, 316; armament and broadside, 316; _Orion’s_ armament and broadside, 316; other super-_Dreadnoughts_, 317-9; arrangement of turrets and guns, 319; other nations adopt the type, 325, 326; _Invincible’s_ speed, 253, 255 Dromons built at Southampton, 43 Dudgeon, J. and W., 148-50 Dudgeon’s twin screws, 242