Duels between warships: _Merrimac_--_Monitor_, 128 _et seq._; _Alabama_--_Kearsarge_, 141; Anglo-American, 61; between armoured and wooden ships, 205, 206 (_see also_ _Huascar_, etc., 205-7) Dug-outs, 21, 24, 29, 32 Dyak head-hunters’ canoes, 34 Dynamite gun, 224 Earlier and later _Dreadnoughts_ compared, 261 Early four-masted ship, 44, 47 East India Company, 76, 91 East Indiamen, 77 Elder, John, inventor of circular ships, 181 Elevated platforms, 20 Elongated shell (Stevens’), 86, 87 Elswick, 178, 179, 258 Engagement between fleet and barge, 199 English and French guns compared, 277 Ericsson, John, offers _Monitor_, 128; and British Admiralty, 92, 131, 138; guns, 93, 128, 139; offer to France, 110 (_see also_ _Monitor_) Engines: Side-lever superseded by direct acting, 101; American oscillating beam engines, 101; necessity of placing machinery below the water level, 102, 103; Penn’s oscillating cylinder, 102; Maudslay’s double cylinders, 102, 107; horizontal engines, 103; Penn’s trunk engines, 103; supersession of trunks by high-pressure steam, 103; surface condensation, 104; compound engines, 104; cylindrical boilers, 104; Maudslay’s “Siamese” engine, 98; improved vertical compound engine, 179; internal combustion, 304; turbines, 262, 307, 308 Eskimo kayak, 23 Euphrates boats, 6, 15 Evans, Admiral Robley D., 232 Extravagant theories, 145 Fairbairn, 100 False bows and sterns, 184 Farragut, Admiral, 134, 135, 139 Fighting castle, 20 Figure-head hinged as gun-port, 185 Fijian canoe, 30 Firearms introduced by Moors, 39 First armour-plated ship to enter Pacific, 192 First automobile torpedo fired in war, 201 First British warship with Harveyised steel armour, 248 First Clyde-built steam frigate, 100 First ironclad built at Hull, 204 First iron-screw British steamer, 94 First iron sea-going propeller steamer constructed in United States of America, 123 First iron warship, 91 First iron war steamer in action, 91 First modern protected cruiser, 208 First protected cruiser, 258 First sea-going ironclad, 118 First steam warship to round Cape Horn, 88 First steel battleship for British Navy, 244 First twin screw ocean-going ironclad, 150 First war steamers in battle, 95 Floating batteries, 109, 110, 111; armament and sails, 111; given two screw propellers, 111; wooden-built and armoured, 112; iron-built, 112; French attack on Kinburn forts, 112; victory of armoured batteries, 112; armour unpierced, 113; Admiral Popoff’s floating fortresses, 180 Floating castle, 175 Floating hells, 76 Forced draught invented, 86 Fore River Co., 311 Forty-banked ships, 7 Franco-Prussian War: Fight between gunboats _Bouvet_ and _Meteor_, 211