Wasps, Social and SolitaryPeckham, George W. (George Williams)
Science
Wasps, Social and Solitary
Peckham, George W. (George Williams)
Wasps
As has been said, urnaria usually hunts a long time before she finds
her caterpillar, and one or two days may pass before anything is put
into the nest. During this prolonged search she often revisits the
spot, and thus keeps fresh the memory of its locality. As soon as the
first caterpillar is stored she lays an egg on it, and then closes the
nest as before. The second one may be brought in within a few hours;
but in one instance that came under our notice we feel sure that the
interval was as much as three days. We saw the interment of the second
caterpillar, and upon excavating, found on the first one a larva at
least a day old; we suppose that at least two days had elapsed between
the laying and the hatching of the egg.
When the provisioning is completed the time arrives for the final
closing of the nest; and in this, as in all the processes of Ammophila,
the character of the work differs with the individual. For example, of
two wasps that we saw close their nests on the same day, one wedged
two or three pellets into the top of the hole, kicked in a little
dust, and then smoothed the surface over, finishing it all within five
minutes. This one seemed possessed by a spirit of hurry and bustle, and
did not believe in spending time on non–essentials. The other, on the
contrary, was an artist, an idealist. She worked for an hour, first
filling the neck of the burrow with fine earth which was jammed down
with much energy,—this part of the work being accompanied by a loud and
cheerful humming,—and next arranging the surface of the ground with
scrupulous care, and sweeping every particle of dust to a distance.
Even then she was not satisfied, but went scampering around, hunting
for some fitting object to crown the whole. First she tried to drag a
withered leaf to the spot, but the long stem stuck in the ground and
embarrassed her. Relinquishing this, she ran along a branch of the
plant under which she was working and, leaning over, picked up from the
ground below a good–sized stone; but the effort was too much for her,
and she turned a somersault on to the ground. She then started to bring
a large lump of earth; but this evidently did not come up to her ideal,
for she dropped it after a moment, and seizing another dry leaf carried
it successfully to the spot and placed it directly over the nest. A
third instance of the final closing of the nest was intermediate
between these two, the work occupying twenty minutes. The wasp first
put a plug well down, then dropped in several large pellets, brushed in
a quantity of fine earth, and finally smoothed the surface over.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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